Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

A Study to Assess Psychiatric Nurses Attitude and Practice Toward Physical Restraint Among Mentally Ill Patients

Renuka Sankar

Abstract


Aim: This study was to assess psychiatric nurses’ attitude and practice toward physical restraint among mentally ill patients. Methods: A descriptive research design was used to achieve the study objective. The present study was carried out in three specialized governmental mental hospitals and two psychiatric wards in general hospital. A convenient purposive sample of 96 nurses was included in the study. The tool used for data collection was the self-administered structured questionnaire; it included three parts: The first comprised items concerned with demographic characteristics of the nurses, the second comprised 10 item measuring nurses’ attitudes toward physical restraint, and the third was used to assess nurses’ practices regarding use of physical restraint. Results: There were insignificant differences between attitudes and practices in relation to nurses’ sex, level of education, years of experience and work place. Moreover, a positive significant correlation was found between nurses’ total attitude scores, and practices regarding use of physical restraint. Conclusion: Psychiatric nurses have positive attitude and adequate practice toward using physical restraints as an alternative management for psychiatric patients. It is important for psychiatric nurses to acknowledge that physical restraints should be implemented as the last resort. The study recommended that it is important for psychiatric nurses to acknowledge that physical restraints should be implemented as the last resort.

Full Text:

PDF

References


B. Martin. Restraint use in acute and critical care settings: changing praictice, AACN Clin Issues. 2002; 13: 294–306p.

M. Gelkopt, Z. Roffe, P. Behrbak, Y. Melamed, N. Werbloff, A. Bleich. Attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and emotions of the nursing staff toward patients restraint, Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2009; 30: 758p.

C. Iversen. Mechanical restraint – A philosophy of man, a philosophy of care, or no philosophy at all? A question from, Norway J Psychiatric Intens Care. 2009; 5: 1–4p.

T. Steinert, P. Lepping, R. Bernhardsgrütter, et al. Incidence of seclusion and restraint in psychiatric hospitals: a literature review and survey of international trends, Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2010; 45: 889–97p.

N. Akansel. Physical restraining practices among intensive care nurses in one university medical hospital in western Turkey, Health Sci J. 2007; 4.

T. Chien, W. Chan, W. Lam, W. Kam. Psychiatric inpatients' perceptions of positive and negative aspects of physical restraint, Patient Educ Counsel. 2005; 59: 80–6p.

B. De Jonghe, M. Constantin, G. Chanques, X. Capdevila, Y. Lefrant, et al. Physical restraint in mechanically ventilated ICU patients: A survey of French practice, Intensive Care Med. 2013; 39: 31–7p.

C. Becker, P. Koczy, T. Klie. Reducing physical restraints in German long-term care with high restraint use, effects of a short-term intervention in a cluster randomized trial, In: Proceedings of the Abstract Book 60th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America. San Francisco, USA, November 16–20; 2007, 703p.

E. Capezuti, L. Wagner, B. Brush, M. Boltz, S. Renz, K. Talerico. Consequences of an intervention to reduce restrictive side rail use in nursing homes, J Am Geriatrics Soc. 2007; 55: 334–41p.

R. Huizing, H. Hamers, M. Gulpers, F. Berger. Short-term effects of an educational intervention on physical restraint use: a cluster randomized trial, BMC Geriatrics. 2006; 6: 17p.

M. Elgamal. Patients and staff attitudes toward physical restraint, Curr Psychiatry. 2006; 13: 474p.

The American Psychiatric Nurses Association. Position statement on the use of seclusion and restraint. 2001; 7: 130–3p.

The JOANNA Briggs Institute. Evidence based practice information sheets for health professionals. Physical restraint part 1: Use in acute and residential care facilities. 2002; 6 (www.joannabriggs.edu.au).

E. Sailas, K. Wahlbeck. Restraint/seclusion in psychiatric inpatient wards, Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2005; 18: 555–9p.

P. Suen, Y. Lai, S. Wong, Y. Chow, F. Kong, L. Ho, C. Wong. Use of physical restraints in rehabilitation settings: staff knowledge, attitudes and predictors, J Adv Nurs. 2006; 55: 20–8p.

E. Capezuti. Minimizing the use of restrictive devices in dementia patients at risk for falling, Nurs Clin North Am. 2004; 39: 625–47p.

D. Evans, J. Wood, L. Lambert. A review of physical restraint minimization in the acute and residential care settings, J Adv Nurs. 2002; 40: 616–25p.

S. Karlsson. Restraint use in elder care: decision making among registered nurses, J Clin Nurs. 2000; 9: 842–50p.

N. Kamel, M. Maximos, M. Gaafar. Reactions of patients and psychiatric hospital staff about physical restraint, ASNJ. 2007; 6: 1–22p.

H. Sequeira, S. Halstead. Psychological effect on nursing staff of administering physical restraint in a secure psychiatric hospital: when I go home, it's then that I think about it, Br J Forensic Pract. 2004. (findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4121/is_200402/ai_n9465299/pg_10).

S. Karlsson, G. Bucht, S. Eriksson, O. Sandman. Factors relating to the use of physical restraints in geriatric care settings, J Am Geriatrics Soc. 2001; 49: 1722–8p.

T. Emrich, C. Thomson, G. Moore. Positive attitude: an essential element for effective care of people with mental illnesses, J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Services. 2003; 41: 18–25p.

M. Halters. Stigma and help seeking related to depression; a study of nursing students, J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Services. 2004; 42: 42–51p.

H. Hamers, R. Huizing. Why do we use physical restraints in the elderly? Zeitschrift für Gerontol Geriatrie. 2005; 38p.

H. Hamers, G. Meyer, S. Köpke, R. Lindenmann, R. Groven, R. Huizing. Attitudes of Dutch, German and Swiss nursing staff towards physical restraint use in nursing home residents, a cross-sectional study, Int J Nurs Stud. 2009; 46: 248–55p.

M. Janelli, W. Kanski, K. Scherer, A. Neary. Physical restraints: practice, attitudes/knowledge among nursing staff, J Long Term Care Administ. 1992; 20: 22–5p.

S. Lusis. Update on restraint use in acute care settings, Plastic Surg Nurs. 2000; 20: 145–9p.

K. Irwing. Governing the conduct of conduct: are restraints inevitable? J Adv Nurs. 2002; 40: 405–12p.

T. Petti, W. Mohr, J. Somers, L. Sims. Perceptions of seclusion and restraint by patients and staff in an intermediate term care facility, J Child Adolescent Psychiatric Nurs. 2001 (www.findarticles.com).

H. Hennessy, A. McNeely, J. Whittington, C. Strasser, K. Archea. Perceptions of physical restraint use and barriers to restraint reduction in a long-term care facility, J Aging Stud. 1997; 11: 49–62p.

S. Azab, L. Abu Negm. Use of physical restraint in intensive care units (ICUs) at Ain Shams University hospitals, Cairo, J Am Sci. 2013; 9: 230–40p.

K. Hine. The use of physical restraint in critical care, Nurs Crit Care. 2007; 12: 6–11p.

E. Choi, M. Song. Physical restraint use in a Korean ICU, J Clin Nurs. 2003; 12: 651–9p.

S. Aschen. Restraints: does position make a difference? Issues Mental Health Nurs. 1995; 16: 87–92p.

S. Macpherson, P. Lofgren, R. Granieri, S. Myllenbeck. Deciding to restrain medical patients, J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990; 38: 516–20p.

C. Wai-Tong, L. Isabella. Psychiatric nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward the use of physical restraint on older patients in psychiatric wards, Int J Multiple Res Approach. 2007; 1: 52–71p. (Retrieved from Humanities & Social Science Collection Database).

K. Sajat. Assessment of nurses' knowledge and attitude toward electro convulsive therapy at psychiatric hospitals in Baghdad, Master Thesis. Department of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Baghdad, 2008.

Q. Mohammed. Nurses' attitudes toward using of patients' physical restraint at psychiatric hospitals in Baghdad, Kufa J Nurs Sci. 2015; 5p.

T. Tyler, R. Schuller. Aging and attitude change, J Person Soc Psychol. 2012; 61: 689–97p. (Retrieved from psyc INFO database record APA).

H. Huang, Y. Chuang, K. Chiang. Nurses' physical restraint knowledge, attitudes, and practice: the effectiveness of an in-service education program, J Nurs Res. 2009; 17: 241p.

M. McMillan, C. Jane. Describing need and shaping practice, Aust J Adv Nurs. 2004; 21: 123–7p.

T. Al-Khaled, E. Zahran, A. El-Soussi. Nurses' related factors influencing the use of physical restraint in critical care units, JAm Sci. 2011; 7: 13–22p. (http://www.americanscience.org).

D. Gillis. Nursing Management: A System Approach. 1st Edn., Philadelphia: WB Saunders. CO; 1997: 440–3p.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijnn.v3i2.407

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.