SLEEP, SLEEPINESS, FATIGUE AND DEPRESSION AMONG TYPE2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WITH RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME – A PILOT STUDY
Abstract
Background of the study: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T 2 DM) is characterized by high blood
glucose levels and is a chronic and complex disease. The World Health Organization projects
Diabetes Mellitus as the 7th leading cause of death in 2030. Increasing attention has been paid to
the connection between diabetes and excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep, fatigue and depression.
Purpose: The purpose of the current study is to assess sleep quality, sleepiness, fatigue, and
depression among patients with T 2 DM with Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).
Methodology: The descriptive study was done on 30 T 2 DM patients with RLS who were
selected by convenience sampling technique. The instrument used for the study was self-reported
questionnaires including demographic information, RLS assessment, PSQI, ESS, FSS and CES-
D in Tamil.
Result: The mean sleep quality score is 12.3(SD 3.76). It shows that the participants have poor
sleep quality. The mean sleepiness score is 16.8 (SD 3.74) which shows that the participants
have severe day time sleepiness. The mean fatigue score is 47.23 (SD 9.62) and it indicates that
the participants have severe fatigue. The mean depression score is 38.96 (SD 10.33). It shows
that the participants are exposed to severe depression.
Conclusion: This study exhibited important information that T2DM patients have high
prevalence of poor sleep quality, increased day time sleepiness, high levels of fatigue symptoms
and high depressive symptoms.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2017; 40(l
: 25–32.
World Health Organization. (2016). Global report on diabetes. World Health Organization.
https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/204871.
Allen RP, Picchietti D, Hening WA, Trenkwalder C, Walters AS, Montplaisi J. RLS: diagnostic
criteria, special considerations, and epidemiology. A report from the RLS diagnosis and
epidemiology workshop at the National Institutes of Health. Sleep Med. 2003; 4(2): 101–119.
Merlino G, Fratticci L, Valente M, Del Giudice A, Claudio Noacco, Pierluigi D, Iacopo C, Anna S,
Gian LG. Association of RLS in Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study. Sleep. 2007; 30(7): 866–
Lee SWH, Ng KY, Chin WK. The impact of sleep amount and sleep quality on glycemic control in
type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2016; 31: 91–101.
Ohayon MM, Hong SC. Prevalence of major depressive disorder in the general population of South
Korea. J Psychiatr Res. 2006; 40(1): 30–36.
Chasens ER, Olshansky E. Daytime sleepiness, diabetes, and psychological well-being. Issues Ment
Health Nurs. 2008; 29(10): 1134–1150.
Bittencourt LR, Silva RS, Santos RF, Pires ML, Mello MT. Excessive daytime sleepiness. Rev Bras
Psiquiatr. 2005; 27(I): 16–21.
Lopes LA, Lins Cde M, Adeodato VG, Quental DP, deBruin PF, Montenegro RM, deBruin VM.
RLS and quality of sleep-in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(11): 2633–2636.
Drivsholm T, de Fine, Olivarius N, Nielsen AB, Siersma V. Symptoms, signs and complications in
newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, and their relationship to glycaemia, blood pressure and
weight. Diabetologia. 2005; 48(2): 210–4.
Payne ME, Steck SE, George RR, Steffens DC. Fruit, vegetable, and antioxidant intakes are lower
in older adults with depression. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112(12): 2022–2027.
Gozashti MH, Eslami N, Radfar MH, Pakmanesh M. Sleep Pattern, Duration and Quality in
Relation with Glycemic Control in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Iran J Med Sci. 2016;
(6): 531-538.
Modarresnia Leila, Golgiri Fateme, Madani Nahid, Emami Zahra, Tanha Kiarash. Restless Legs
Syndrome in Iranian People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Role in Quality of Life and Quality
of Sleep. J Clin Sleep Med. 2018 Feb 15; 14(2): 223-228.
Cuellar Norma G, Ratcliffe Sarah J, Zafar Hamzah Obaid, et al. A Comparison of Glycemic
Control, Sleep, Fatigue, and Depression in Type 2 Diabetes with and without restless legs
syndrome. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2018; 7(3): 108–115.
Mehdi Zobeiri, Azitashokoohi. Restless Leg Syndrome in Diabetics Compared with Normal
Controls. Sleep Disord. 2014; 2014: 871751.
Seydahmet Akın, Cem Bölük, Ülkü Türk Börü, Mustafa Taşdemir, Tuğçe Gezer, Fatma Gülhan
Şahbaz, Özcan Keskin. Restless legs syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prim Care Diabetes.
Feb; 13(1): 87–91.
Bener A, Al-Hamaq Abdulla OAA, Ahmet Faruk Agan, Mustafa Ozturk, Abdulkadir Omer. The
prevalence of restless legs syndrome and comorbid condition among patient with type 2 diabetic
mellitus visiting primary healthcare. 2019; 8(12): 3814–3820.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijorn.v7i2.2025
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.