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Determinants of Acute Malnutrition among Children Aged 6–59 Months Attending Public Health Facilities in Illu Aba Bor Zone, South West Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

Dereje Tsegaye Hawetu, Kebebe Bidira, Lemi Bacha

Abstract


Background: Globally, 55 million children are suffering from acute malnutrition and every year 3.1 million children die of malnutrition. In Ethiopia malnutrition among under five years children is one of the challenge in achieving sustainable development goals in reducing child mortality. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the factors associated with acute malnutrition among children 6–59 months of age attending public health facilities in Illu Aba Bor Zone, South West of Ethiopia. Methods: An institution based age matched case-control study was conducted on children aged 6–59 months aged 6–59 months attending public health facilities in Illu Aba Bor Zone. Four hundred sixty five sampled children (155 acutely malnourished and 310 none acutely malnourished) were randomly selected. Data were collected by using a semi structured and pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were done by standardized calibrated instruments. Data entry and analysis were done by Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Multi-variable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of acute malnutrition. Result: The odds of acute malnutrition was significantly higher among children who had diarrhoea in the previous two weeks [(AOR = 1.74, 95 % CI: (1.06,72.78)], in mothers of children with no formal education [(AOR = 2.23, 95 % CI: (2.2,4.12)], households in the first wealth quintile ([(AOR = 7.23, 95 % CI: (2.87,18.21)], and households in the second wealth quintile [(AOR = 5.94, 95 % CI: (1.81,19.49)], family size greater than five [(AOR = 306, 95 % CI: (1.48,6.31)], food insecure households [(AOR = 1.87, 95 % CI: (1.09,3.22)], not exclusively breast fed children [(AOR = 2.43, 95 % CI: (1.11,5.35)], children started complementary feeding after six months [(AOR = 2.19, 95 % CI: (1.20,4.01)], and among children with Dietary Diversity Score(DDS) of less than four [(AOR = 2.19, 95 % CI: (1.29,3.73)]. Conclusions: Acute malnutrition was significantly associated with diarrheal diseases in the previous two weeks, lack of maternal education, household wealth quintile, household food insecurity, sub optimal breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices, larger family size, and dietary diversity score. Thus, an organized effort should be made at all levels to improve maternal and child health services, child feeding practices and education of mothers.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijpn.v5i1.943

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