Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Anemia Among Adolescent Girls in the Selected Area

Rama Danapure

Abstract


The investigator conducted this study to assess knowledge regarding prevention of anemia among adolescent girls in the selected area. Objective of the investigator were 1) To assess the knowledge regarding prevention of anemia among adolescent girls. 2) To associate the findings with selected demographical variables. The investigator developed a structured questionnaire and the conceptual framework adopted for this study was based on health promotion model. Tool got validated by 11 experts. Reliability of the tool was established by the split half method using Karl Pearson formula and the reliability of the structured questionnaire on knowledge was found to be r=0.81 that indicated that the tool was reliable. With descriptive survey approach, the investigator used survey research design for this study. The pilot study was conducted from 11th Nov. to 20th Nov. 2013 as per laid down criteria. 20 subjects were selected for pilot study from nonprobability convenient sampling technique. The investigator obtained permission from the principal of school to conduct the main study. Main study started from 17th Dec to 6th Jan 2014. 100 samples were selected by nonprobability convenient sampling technique. The data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire. The data was decided to be analyzed by using descriptive statistics on the basis of objectives and research question of the study. To compute the data, a master data sheet was prepared by the investigator. The collected data was analyzed in terms of frequency, mean, percentage, standard deviation.
The following are major study findings section wise: Majority of the adolescent girls’ age group 13 years (32%); The educational status of sample in secondary school was 100%; Majority of the samples of dietary pattern: vegetarian 86%; Majority of the sample (42%) nuclear family; Majority of the sample (58%) belonged to Hindu religion; Majority of the sample (47%) had family income of Rs. 3000–5000. Finding shows that (76%) of the adolescent girls had average level of knowledge score. Finding shows that the age of the sample was statistically associated with their knowledge scores. Finding shows that type of dietary pattern of sample is statistically associated with their knowledge scores. On the basis of the findings of the study, it is recommended that the following studies can be conducted. Comparative studies can be done to assess the various practices in various regions of the country. Studies can be conducted to assess the prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls. Experimental study can be conducted on similar topic. The investigator concluded that the knowledge of the target population was inadequate regarding prevention of anemia among adolescent girls in selected school.

Full Text:

PDF

References


NAAC Article. Focuses on iron deficiency anemia in adolescents. January 14, 2009; 3p.

Aparto postal Lima 12. Available from: [email protected],18-0191.

Montresor A, Crompton DWT, Bundy DAP. Guidelines for the evaluation of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis at community level. Year 1998; WHO/CTD/SIP/98.1.

S. Lal. Text Book of Community Medicine. New Delhi: CBS; 2007, 115–130p.

D.R. Morlow. Text Book of Pediatrics. 6th Edn., New Delhi: Elesevier; 2007, 1133–6p.

K. Park. Text Book of Preventive and Social Medicine. 18th Edn., Jabalpur: Bhanot; 2007, 449–50p.

Adolescent: Intake of iron rich diet. National institutes of health. Available from: Home about med line plussite Map FAQs.2002; 28:1–3p.

Hockenbery. Wongs. Essentials of Pediatric Nursing. 8th Edn., India: Mosby; 2009, 915–7p.

U.N. Panda. Hand Book of Pediatrics. New Delhi: CBS Publisher; 2007, 115–30p.

INACG. International Nutrition Anemia Consultative Group. Combating Iron Deficiency in Chile. Washington; 1986.

O. Morrow. Iron Supplementation During Pregnancy: Why Aren’t Women Complying? Geneva: World Health Organization; 1990; WHO/MCH/90.5.

Ministry of Health Welfare, Government of India. National Family Health Survey-II (NFHS-II). New Delhi: MoHFW; 2007; Vol. 1.

A. Verma, et al. Indian J Commun Med. 2006; XXIX: 3p.

M. Kulkarni, M. Durga, N. Kasturwar. Natl J Commun Med. Prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls in an urban slum of Jaitala in Nagpur city. Jan – March 2010; vol.3: issue 1.

B.T. Basvanthappa. Nursing Research. 2nd Edn., New Delhi: Jaypee Brother Medical Publication; 2007, 93–95, 120p.

Toteja, G.S. Singh, Padam. Food & Nutrition Bulletin. Nevin Scrimshaw International Nutrition Foundation, Number 4, December 2006; Volume 27 (5): 311–5p.

Indian Academy of Pediatrics. Text Book of Pediatrics. 4th Edn., Volume 1. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers; 2007, 101–3p.

O. Morrow, World Health Organization. Iron Supplementation During Pregnancy. Geneva: WHO; 1990, 90.5p.

J.G.S. Singh. Prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls, J Food Nutr Bull. 2006; 311–5p.

World Health Organization. Programming for Adolescent Health and Development. WHO tech rep ser no. 886, 1996, 2p.

UNICEF, “The state of the world’s children 2011” accessed march12, 2012.

TNN. Anemia control drive in gumla ranch. Popular articles about anemia. October 15, 2011; 8:12. Available from: www.timesofindia.com/article.

Hockenbery. Wongs. Essentials of Paediatric Nursing. 8th Edn., Published in India: Mosby publisher; 2009, 915–7p.

G.N. Azad. New Delhi: United Nation; 25th April 2012.

Statistics for iron deficiency anemia. WHO; 2005.

Huntleys. Diagnosis checklist, Health statistics.1999;42:14–20. Available from: www.wrongdiagnosis.com.

Prevention, Assessment and Control. WHO/UNICEF/UNU/IDA.Geneva:1998;5.

S. Chaudhary, et.al. Anemia among adolescent females, Indian J Commun Med. 2008; 33: 243–5p.

Natl J Commun Med. Apr – June 2013; Volume 4│Issue 2:49,150p.

R. Amani, M. Soflaei. Nutrition education alone improves dietary practices but not hematologic indices of adolescent girls in Iran, Food Nutr Bull. 2006; 27(3): 260–4p.

L. Barbin, B.J. Barbin. Additing it up: the cost of successful adolescent growth and development in girls in relation to iron and vitamin A status, Am J Clin Nutr. 1992; 55: 955–8p.

World Health Organization. Programming for adolescent health and development. WHO Tech Rep Ser No. 886. 1996, 2p.

K. Bagchi. East Mediterr Health J. 2004; 10(6): 754–60p.

O. Derman, N. Okstüz-Kanbur, I. Yenicesu, E. Klink. Healthcare Women Int. 2007; 28(3): 654–76p. Available from: www.healthinfo.com.

A. Goudarzi, M.R. Mehrabi, K. Goudarzi. Pak J Biol Sci. 2008; 11(10):1398–400p.

A. Sen, S.J. Kanani. Indian Pediatr. 2006; 43(3): 219–26p.

V.G. Rao, M.C. Aggrawal, S.K. Das, L.K. Sahare, M.K. Bondley, R.K. Minocha. Intestinal parasitic infections, anemia and under nutrition among tribal adolescent of Madhya Pradesh, Indian J Commun Med. 2003; Vol 28(1): 26–29p.

M.B. Mittal, A.R. Shirode, Y.M. Joshi, V.J. Kadam, et al. An intervention on iron deficiency anemia and change in dietary behavior among adolescent girls, Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2011; 3(1). Available from: [email protected].

J.L. Beard JL. Iron biology in immune functions, muscle metabolism and neuronal functioning, J Nutr. 2001; 131: 568S–80Sp.

NHAMES III, The third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey.1998–2001. Available from: www.inclen.org.(accessed on 20th Dec.2012).

L.M. Tussing-Humphreys. Excess adiposity and iron deficiency anemia in female adolescents, J Am Diet Assoc. 2009; 109: 297–302p.

S. Chaudhary. Anemia among Adolescent Females in the Urban Area of Nagpur Urban Health Training Center of Preventive and Social Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur. October 2002 to March 2003;17(8),359p.

S. Kaur, P.R. Deshmukh, B.S. Garg. Indian J Commun Med. 2006; 31(4).

S.M. Siddharam, G.M. Venketesh, H.L. Thejeshwari. Anemia among adolescent girls in rural area, Int J Biol Med Res. 2011; 2(4): 922–24p. Available from: www.biomedscidirect.com

A. Saibaba, M. Mohan, G.V. Ramana, U. Devi, T.S. Syamala. Nutritional status of adolescent girls of urban slums and the impact of IEC on their nutritional knowledge and practices, Indian J Commun Med. 2002; Vol XXVII (4): 151–6p.

S.K. Ganguli. Adolescent health. Indian Journal of Public health 2003; Vol. XXXXVII: No-3: 6–15p.

C.M.S. Rawat, S.K. Garg, J.V. Singh, M. Bhatnagar, H. Chopra, S.K. Bajpai. Socio-demographic correlates of anemia among adolescent girls in rural area of Meerut district, U. P., Indian J Commun Med. 2001; 26(4): 173–5p.

Naik VA, Aras RY, Nalini PP. Profile of adolescent females in an urban slum community. Journal of the Scientific Society 1993; 20: 10 – 13p.

K.N. Agarwal. Assessment of prevalence of anemia and iron stores in response to daily/weekly iron folate supplementation in adolescent girls (10 – 18 years) from urban slums of North East Delhi. UNICEF contract no. 65 / 0075, 1998; 9p.

P.V. Kotecha. Prevalence of anemia among adolescent schoolgirls in Vadodara district. A monograph, Government Medical College. Vadodara, 2000; 36(4): 429–430p.

J.P. Jondhale, S.N. Reddy, V.M. Nalwade. Prevalence of anemia among school going adolescent girls of Parbhani, Indian J Diet. 1999; 36: 264–272p.

M.K.P. Angel, V. Devi. Cognitive levels of selected anemic adolescent girls (12– 15 years) on anemia, Int Referred Res J. July-2011; ISSN-0975-3486, RNI: RAJBIL 2009/30097, VOL-II/ISSUE 22.

T. Premalatha, S. Valarmathi, P. Srijayanth, J.S. Sundar, S. Kalpana. Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among adolescent school girls in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Epidemiology.2012; 2:2p. Available from: Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.4172/2161-1165.1000118.

S. Shilpa, Biradar, S.P. Biradar, A.C. Alatagi, A.S. Wantamutte, P.R. Malur. Prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls, J Clin Diagn Res. 2012; 6(3): 372–7p.

A. Saratha, Z. Singh, S.S. Datta, A.V. Boratne, V. Senthilvel, Joice. Prevalence of anemia among young adult female students in a medical teaching institution in Pondicherry, J Matern Child Health. 2010; 12:(4). Available from: www.ijmch.org Indian.

K.R. Baral, S.R. Onta. Prevalence of anemia among adolescents in Nepal. A community based study in rural and urban area of Morang District, Nurs J India. 2012: CIII(4).

SCI. 2009; Feb 71: (1-2) 39–49.

M. Mehta. United Nations Children's Fund. Effectiveness of daily and weekly iron and folic acid supplementation in anemic adolescent girls, Bombay.1998; 21–5p.

S. Chaturvedi, U. Kapil, N. Gnanasekaran, H.P.S. Sachdev, R.M. Pandey, T. Bhanti. Nutrient Intake Amongst Adolescent Girls Belonging to Poor Socioeconomic Group of Rural Area of Rajasthan From the Human Nutrition Unit and Department of Biostatistics. New Delhi: October 11,1994; Accepted: August 23,1995 VOLUME 197: 33p.

E.M. De-Meyers. Preventing and Controlling Iron Deficiency Anemia Through Primary Health Care. WHO: Geneva; 1989, 8–26p.

E.P. Koshi. A study of health status of adolescent school girls in an urban area of Almabagh, Lucknow, Indian J Med Sci. 1970; 377–83p.

F. Agha, A. Sadarudin, R.A. Khan. Iron deficiency in adolescents, J Indian Med Assoc. 1992; 42: 3–5p.

UNICEF. The Adolescent Girls Anemia Control Programme Breaking the Inter-Generational Cycle of Under Nutrition in India with a Focus on Adolescent Girls. New York: United Nation; 2011.

R. Gross, I. Angeles-Agdeppa, et al. Prevalence of anemia in different population groups Current iron supplementation programmes in Indonesia Weekly dosing in iron supplementation Costs of iron supplementation. 2008; 181:65p. Available from: www.unu.edu/unupress/food/V181:p65.jpg.

Myrada. Study of Anemia Prevention and Control among Adolescent Girls and Pregnant Women in Three Districts of Karnataka. St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore. April – September 2010.

Studies on adolescent girls. Published by National institute of public co-operation & child development. 2008; 5, 37, 43, 65, 80p.

Vias, Swathi, Collin, M. Simon, Bertin, Davys, et al. Leaf concentrate as an alternative to iron and folic acid supplements for anaemic adolescent girls. Jaipur- 2010; 22: 148–157p.

M. Falkingham, A. Abdelhamid, P. Curtis, S. Fairweather-Tait, L. Dye, L. Hooper. The effects of oral iron supplementation on cognition in older children and adults. 2010; 9: 4p.

P.B. Devaki, R.K. Chandra, P. Geisser. Effects of oral iron(III) hydroxide polymaltose complex supplementation on hemoglobin increase, cognitive function, affective behavior and scholastic performance of adolescents with varying iron status, 2009; 59(6): 303–10p.

H. Mozaffari-Khosravi, M. Noori-Shadkam, F. Fatehi, Y. Naghiaee. Once weekly low-dose iron supplementation effectively improved iron status in adolescent girls. 2010; 135(1-3): 2230p.

P.V. Kotecha, S. Nirupam, P.D. Karkar. Adolescent girls anemia control programme, Gujarat, India, USAID Micronutrient & Child Blindness Project. New Delhi, India, June 2000; 67(12): 877–82p.

P.M. Durge, U. Waradpande. Impact assessment of health education in adolescent, J Obstet Gynecol India. 1993; 43(5): 768–72p.

WHO. Report of the WHO Informal Consultation on Hookworm Infection and Anemia in Girls and Women. Geneva; 1994; WHO/CTD/SIP/96.1.

WHO. Prevention of Anemia Assessment and Control. Geneva: WHO 1998, 1–20p.

M. Joshi, R. Gumashta, et al. Study was conducted in adolescent girls visiting 'Urban Health and Training Centre' June, 2011 to October, 2012; 158(2): 221–225p.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijwhn.v1i1.673

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.