International Journal of Community Health Nursing
International Journal of Community Health Nursing (IJCHN) Click here for complete Editorial Board International Journal of Community Health Nursing is a peer reviewed journal that includes nursing practice and public health, which helps in promoting and protecting the health of the community. The journal creates a platform for the authors to make their contributions toward the journal. The main objective of the community health nursing is to promote the practice that maintains the population health by improving the health of the families, individuals and group of people. The Scope of practice of community health nursing that includes community-building, health promotion, policy reform and system-level changes to promote and protect the health of populations. Public health nurses have an essential role and responsibility as leaders in health improvement and promoting health equity. It's a biannual journal, started in 2018. Journal DOI no: 10.37628/IJCHN Readership: Graduates, Postgraduates, Research Scholars, Nurses, in Institutions, and Hospitals Indexing: The Journal is indexed in Google Scholar Focus and Scope Cover Industrial Nursing Domiciliary Nursing Mental Health Nursing School health Nursing MCH and Family Planning Services Nursing Care Home Care Geriatric Nursing Rehabilitation Submission of Paper: All contributions to the journal are rigorously refereed and are selected on the basis of quality and originality of the work. The journal publishes the most significant new research papers or any other original contribution in the form of reviews and reports on new concepts in all areas pertaining to its scope and research being done in the world, thus ensuring its scientific priority and significance. Manuscripts are invited from academicians, students, research scholars and faculties for publication consideration. Papers are accepted for editorial consideration through email info@journalspub.com or nursing.excellence@conwiz.in Abbreviation: IJCHN Frequency: Two issues per year Editorial Board Instructions to Authors
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF NURSING STUDENTS REGARDING COVID VACCINATION
The corona virus disease has had a serious impact on the physical and mental health of the population. Vaccination is an important method to prevent or reduce the spread of infection. Currently there are many vaccines available in the world, which is considered to be safe and effective. Hesitancy in vaccination has been one of the biggest obstacles in receiving vaccination. Aim of this study is to find out the knowledge and attitude of nursing students about COVID-19 vaccination. The research approach used in this study is descriptive research approach to find the knowledge and attitude of nursing students regarding vaccination. The study conducted in a selected nursing college at Kottayam district. Sampling technique used in this study is convenient sampling technique. Total of 60 students were participated in the study. Data collected in three sections, including baseline data, knowledge questionnaire and an attitude scale. The findings of the study reveal that the majority of the participants were females (96.6%). Most of them (55.1%) belongs to the age group of 18–20. 45% of them belongs to first year. Among them (56.66%) are taken taken booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine.61.66% of them affected with COVID-19 and most of them doesn’t have any complications after COVID infection. The above figure depicts that most of the students (63.33%) have good knowledge regarding COVID-19 vaccination and none of them are poor in knowledge regarding COVID vaccination. The above picture depicts that 91.66% of the nursing students have favorable attitude towards COVID vaccination. There is a positive correlation found between knowledge and attitude of nursing students about COVID vaccination
Copyright (c) 2022 International Journal of Community Health Nursing
A Study to Assess the Mobile Usage Pattern and Risk of Developing Nomophobia Among Students of Selected Colleges in Ludhiana, Punjab
Background of the study: If the vehicle served as the dominant emblem of adolescent autonomy and prestige in the 20th century, then communication meets fashion. It seems to be the cell phone in the 21st century. The mobile phone has evolved from its early associations with affluence and corporate leaders to become a symbol of modern youth culture. It is the main method of contact among students, making them approachable at any time and from any location. Methodology: The study was exploratory in nature and used a successive sampling approach on a sample of 100 students from chosen universities. The instrument used to gather information on mobile usage patterns and the likelihood of acquiring nomophobia was a self-structured rating scale and self-reporting check list. Results: The largest number of students who use their phones normally is 55 (68.25 percent), while the least number of students who do so is 25 (31.25 percent). The highest number of pupils at risk of acquiring nomophobia is 67 (83.75%), while the lowest risk is 3 (3.75%) of all students. The correlation between cellphone usage and the probability of acquiring nomophobia was determined to be 0.506. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, there is a moderately strong (positive) correlation between students' mobile usage habits and their chance of being nomophobic.
A Study to Evaluate the Impact of A Structure Teaching Program on Staff Nurses' Knowledge of Needle Stick Injury and Management
Nurses working in close proximity to patients or natural examples are at risk of unintentional exposure to blood and blood-borne pathogens. Word-related exposure to harmful organisms as a result of needles and other sharps is a serious public health hazard. Such accidents pose a little but significant risk to medical professionals' careers, well-being, families, and patients. It has been estimated that over 1 million needle stick wounds are accounted for each year, with each needle poke potentially being seductive. Tertiary consideration organization is where patient load is frequently great and medical services workers have high responsibility and are all more frequently related with ways that might cause NSI. These foundations should have an office and a clear plan in place for genuine sharps removal, NSI reconnaissance, and post-openness prophylaxis to ensure the safety of their Nurses. The system to record and report all needle stick wounds with simple and rapid access to Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) against HIV has been arguably the most important pillar in the fight against disease and separation of HIV/AIDS patients across the world. Hepatitis B immunization and adherence to recommended post-openness procedures are two systems that can influence the outcome and impact of a needle stick injury.
Effectiveness of Parental Preparedness Package (PPP) on Social Health of Couple Conceived with Artificial Reproductive Techniques (ART) of Selected Fertility Clinic of City Ludhiana, Punjab
The transition to parenthood is period of disequilibrium, with new expectations especially the conception with Artificial Reproductive Technique (ART) The couple relationship during this transition is most fragile as they learn to adopt. They have the physical, social, psychological, and relational changes. Infertility brings up several individual or marital problems. The transition to parenthood and marital relationships among couple who have experienced infertility need to be reviewed. No doubt, the couple conceived after successful ART are usually expected to be more involved in parenting while on the other hand, sometimes their parenting difficulties remain inconsiderate and thus provision of insufficient support poses negative impact on parental functioning. Their past experience of infertility and its treatment aggravates their fear regarding loss during pregnancy which in turn increases their need for support from the health personnel. Keeping this in view, their social needs, the effectiveness of Parental preparedness package (PPP) on social health of couple conceived after ART was evaluated. A quantitative research approach and Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design was used including 50 couple (50 wives and 50 husbands) conceived with Artificial Reproductive Techniques visiting IVF clinic, DMCH, Ludhiana were selected with non-probability purposive sampling technique. Socio demographic profile, maternal and paternal profile and structured social health assessment scale were used to collect data of couple by doing pre and post interventional assessment. The intervention was Parental preparedness Package focussed on social needs and relations with spouse, family, neighbours and friends. The findings revealed that mean score of social health of couple (both husband and wife) increased significantly after the intervention which infers the effectiveness of parental preparedness package (p=0.001). The present study concluded that PPP focussing on social needs should be incorporated in the birth preparedness classes for all couple who conceive using ART
An Exploratory Study to Assess the Health Status of Families in Terms of their Nutritional Status and Mental Health Status in Selected Area of Sir Hind Fatehgarh Sahib (Punjab)
Study assesses the health status of families in terms of their nutritional status, mental health status and quality of life in selected area of Sir Hind fatehgarh sahib (Punjab). Quantitative research approach and non-experimental exploratory research design was used to accomplish the stated objectives. The conceptual framework was based on Holistic health model. Data was collected with the help standardized tool for the assessment of nutritional status. A pilot study was done on 15 subjects (1/10th sample) which constituted from Amloh. The study was conducted on 150 family members where 50 were children of age (5–15 years), 50 were adults of age (30–45 years) and 50 were old age (60–80 years). The sample was selected using Stratified simple random sampling technique. The data collected was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The pie and bar diagrams were used to depict the findings. The study highlighted that most of family members were of age group 5–20 years (33.33%) more of family members were males (52.67%), majority of family members educated up to primary level (42.67%), maximum joint families (70%) were there majority of family members were vegetarian (63%), family annual income highly earned income was 2,40000–3,20000(33.33%), majority of members were Hindu (56.67%) and mostly were married (66.67%) From whole population some were studied (33.33%) and most of family members have no past health history (95.33%).It also showed that health status of families in terms of their nutritional status the majority of subjects (children) were underweight that is 35 (70%). Health status of families in terms of their mental health status according to the severity 28(56%) study subjects were suffered from mild cognitive impairment. There was significant association of some variables with nutritional status i.e. Type of family, education and family income.
PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION: An Overview on First National Disorder
Protein energy malnutrition as range of pathological condition arising from coincidental lack in varying proportion of proteins and calories, occurring most frequently in infants and young children and commonly associated with infection. Children below the age of 5 years who constitute over 20% of our population are the most vulnerable group of under nutrition. Over 800 million children around the worldwide are encountered with under nutrition. More than half of the childhood deaths in growing nations are due the reason of under nutrition. Nutritional marasmus and kwashiorkor are two different extreme forms of a continuous process of protein energy malnutrition. Nutritional marasmus results from predominant energy deficiency. Kwashiorkor is due to predominant protein deficiency though some energy deficiency may co-exist. Other symptom includes Failure to thrive Chronic diarrhea, Respiratory infection, Intellectual disability, Stunted growth. The outcome of the condition is extremely complicated, majority of the cases encountered with bronchopneumonia or Acute GE. In India the prevalence of underweight is of forty-three percentages, stunting is forty-eight followed by wasting is twenty percentages in preschool children, as compared to other countries it is found to be highest in India. The majority of children in India encountered with malnutrition of mild and the moderate form which is difficult to recognize. Early interventions help to prevent irreversible damages.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE OF MOTHERS REGARDING WEANING AMONG CHILDREN OF AGE 6MONTHS- 2YEARS IN SELECTED COMMUITY AREA AMB GHAROTA, JAMMU
Child health in developing countries is a serious concern with a large number of children suffering from malnutrition. There are various factors that lead to high prevalence of malnutrition in children among them infant feeding practices is one of the most important. Whether it is breast feeding or complementary feeding, the practices adopted by mothers or care takers have direct effect on child health. The study was undertaken to assess the knowledge of mother’s regarding weaning among children of age 6months-2years and to determine the association between the levels of knowledge regarding weaning among mothers. The research design adopted for the study was descriptive design. A non-experimental approach was adopted for the present study. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select 50 samples of mothers of 6months-2year children. The tool used for the study was self-administered knowledge questionnaire. The data analysis was done by descriptive and inferential statistical results revealed that maximum number 50% of subjects had inadequate knowledge regarding weaning whereas 46% had moderate knowledge regarding weaning and 4% subjects had adequate knowledge.
Association of body mass index of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with COPD symptoms and severity of exacerbations: A cross- sectional study among COPD patients attending general medicine OPD, NMCH, Jamuhar
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prevalent in India. The role of body mass index (BMI) in COPD symptoms exacerbations is unclear we analyzed the association between BMI and symptoms exacerbations in Bihar COPD Patient. Methodology: It is a descriptive study. The study was conducted among 60 samples selected by universal sampling. Permission was taken from Institute Ethical Committee, NMCH. Informed consent was taken from all the patients, socio demographic data and clinical data has been collected by oral interview with patients and Height and weight measurement by standard stadiometer and weighing machine to calculate Body Mass Index. The data has been analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Major findings of the study This study includes 60 patients, 38.33% of the study participants were male, and 61.66 % of them were females who diagnosed have COPD. 31.66 % of patients were in the age group 41 – 43 years followed by 36.66 % of the patient between the age group of 44 – 47 years and 31.66 % of patients were in age group of 48 – 50 years. 48.33 % participants are smokers. Majority of participants 36 (60 %) fall under the grade 3 of modified Dyspnea Scale.
Community bag: An Identity for Community Health Nurses
A community bag has been a vital tool for public health nurses. It is an identity for community health nurses. There are different types of bags used in different settings and areas. A bag has different compartments to keep the articles. There are certain principles to be followed to use community health bag which depends on the particular policy of different agencies. Proper procedures should be followed while performing the bag technique. In this article, we have identified the faults in a community health bag used in our setting and thus we have tried to find out the ways to overcome these faults. This can help the upcoming nursing students to use the bag more effectively and efficiently.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING NEWBORN CARE AMONG ANM STUDENTS
The birth of a child is usually occasioned by a good term baby and a healthy mother. In the minority of cases, the pregnancy may be complicated by maternal illness, preterm labour, a difficult delivery or other problem resulting in babies requiring additional neonatal care at and after birth. Essential Newborn Care is the care required by all neonates (first 28 days of life) whether they are born healthy, small or unwell. Thus I have conducted this study to assess the effectiveness of an educational program on knowledge regarding newborn care among ANM students of selected Nursing College. A total of 40 students were selected with simple random sampling. Questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of ANM students regarding newborn care. The mean pre-test knowledge score was 1.6 while the the mean post-test knowledge score was 2.62, thus educational program was found effective at a significant level of 0.05 on the knowledge of ANM students regarding newborn care. Thus various awareness and educational programs should be conducted to improve the knowledge regarding newborn care of health care providers and family members of the newborns, so that various birth complications and neonatal deaths can be prevented.
Opinion of BSc nursing students regarding online learning during Covid 19 lock down.
A survey design approach was used to assess the opinion of Bsc nursing students regarding online learning.The objective of the study were to find out the strengths,weakneses and challenges of online learning especially during these Covid pandemic.The study was conducted among the students of Mercy college of nursing using online platform. A structured questionaire was used to obtain the baseline characteristics of participants. To get the opinion of students regarding online learning a self administered opinionnaire were used.The findings of the study showed that most of them (65%) belongs to the age group of 17-20,majority of the respondents were females (96%),most of them(75%) resides in rural areas. And 73% of the respondents have an average level of computer knowledge.And regarding the opinion the strengths of online learning are ,the learning can be enhanced (64%), different online materials helps to improve the knowledge level (88%), online classes saves the time and effort of students (56%),Online classes helped in gaining knowledge on technology (83%),Accessing the notes and study materials are easy (75%).Weakneses includes The online classes are difficult to understand (92%) clarification of doubts is difficult(78%),unable to communicate the ideas properly(80%),use of technology in learning is not economical(76%). And lack of interpersonal relationship between teachers and friends(75%), network issues (85%), health issues(70%), monotous experience of recorded clases (82%), overuse of technolog (69%) , difficulty in data management (74%) are some of the challenges they faced during onlineclasses. Overall satisfaction was good for around 54% of them.
EFFECT OF FOCUSED INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE AND COMPLIANCE REGARDING WEEKLY IRON AND FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS
Adolescent anaemia is a major public health problem in India. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of a focused instructional programme on knowledge and compliance regarding weekly iron and folic acid supplementation among adolescents in selected schools at Kozhikode. The objectives of the study were (1) Determine the effect of focused instructional programme on knowledge and compliance regarding weekly iron and folic acid supplementation among adolescents (2) Find out the association between knowledge and compliance regarding weekly iron and folic acid supplementation among adolescents. The research design adopted was quasi experimental one group pre-test post-test design. 180 students were selected as subjects using cluster sampling. The findings of the study revealed that the mean post test score (19.88) of adolescents on knowledge regarding weekly iron and folic acid supplementation programme after the focused instructional programme was significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (11.21). The mean post test score (2.30) of adolescents on compliance of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation programme after the focused instructional programme was significantly higher than the mean pre-test compliance score (1.81). The P value obtained for knowledge and compliance was 0.000 at 95 percent confidence interval, which showed that the result was highly significant. This showed that focused instructional programme was effective in improving the knowledge and compliance of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation programme among adolescents. Major reason for non-compliance to weekly iron and folic acid supplementation programme was doubt in the quality of the medicine. There was no association between pre-test knowledge of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation and compliance. It was found that there was significant association between compliance of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation and some selected variables like religion, class of study, residence, and occupation of father.
PATTERN OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND BMI AMONG NURSING STUDENTS
Physical activity results in increased exercise capacity and physical fitness which may lead to many health benefits. Physical activity has great importance for nursing students to achieve optimal health. They are also expected to serve as a role model for patients to enhance body activity. The present study has been undertaken to assess pattern of physical activity among nursing students at Sri Guru Ram Das College of Nursing, Vallah, Sri Amritsar. The study sample was selected by using total enumerate sampling. The sample size consisted of 194 subjects. Pattern of physical activity assessed by using self-structured questionnaire that includes three parts, Part-A contain demographic variables, Part-B questions for Pattern of Physical activity, Part-C consists of Measurement parameters of Nursing students. The results shows that 55.7% nursing students exercise regularly while 44.3% do light exercise and 53.1% students do moderate exercise. Maximum students perceived themselves as physical active. The physical activity was found to be significantly associated with demographic variables. Key words: Physical activity, nursing students
A study to assess attitude and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccination among general public .Kamrup (R),Assam
Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is a deadly disease which continues to affect many countries in the world. Vaccines are the most important public health measure and most effective strategy to protect the population from preventable diseases.The study is based on to assess attitude and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccination among general public .Kamrup (R),Assam. Quantitative descriptive design was used for this study. Total 100 nursing students were selected through convenient sampling technique. Interview technique was used to collect data from the samples. Result of the study showed that49(49%) of people had positive and 51(51%) had negative attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination. Attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination among general public was insignificantly associated with age(p=.954.),sex(p=.286), marital status (p=.849), religion(p=.850),educational qualification(p=.921), monthly family income(p=.953), occupation(p=.329) and vaccination received(p-.917).
Sever Acute Malnutrition in a 3-year-old Boy in Ethiopia, Bule Hora Town General Hospital: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Severe acute malnutrition is the most extreme and visible form of under-nutrition. The child suffering with severe acute malnutrition requires urgent treatment to survive. Ethiopian demographic health survey 2019 shows that 37% of children under 5 are short for their age or stunted (below 2SD), and 12% are severely stunted (below 3SD). The prevalence of stunting generally increases steadily with age, from 22% among children of 6–8 months up to 44% of children of 48–59 months. Notably, the highest proportion of stunting of children (45%) was observed at the age of 24–35 months, and it is also slightly higher among males than female children (40 versus 33%). We report a 3 years boy in Ethiopia with severe acute malnutrition, severe muscle wasting, edema, and poor appetite. Diagnosis was made based on the mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) (11.5 cm), physical examination (weight 9.1 kg and height 91 cm) and weight for height 3Z-score. He was referred to a pediatric team in general hospital, which recommended conservative management with close follow-up. In conclusion, Appropriate treatment and follow-up for severe acute malnutrition would determine the long-term outcome. Children with severe acute malnutrition have very low weight for their height and severe muscle wasting. They may also have nutritional edema, characterized by swollen feet, face, and limbs. About two thirds of these children live in Asia and almost one third live in Africa. Severe acute malnutrition is the major cause of death in children under-five, and its prevention and treatment are critical to child survival and development. Keywords: Severe acute malnutrition, Bule Hora town, General hospital, three-year, Ethiopia
Copyright (c) 2021 International Journal of Community Health Nursing
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video-assisted Training Programme on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Hand Washing Technique among the School Going Children Amroha
Hand washing technique is the most important and effective method of killing the microorganisms to prevent the spread of contagious diseases. It may lead to the participants to prevent from infections. Hence the aim of the study was to provide training programme to the school going children for reducing the infection in selected school of Amroha; to assess pre-test and post-test knowledge and practice among school going children, to measure effectiveness of video-assisted training programme and to determine the association between knowledge and practice with selected socio-demographic variables. The target population for the study was the school going children of the Aadarsh Kaushik Gramauthan Inter College of Amroha under the age group of 09–12 years. Total 60 samples were selected using simple random sampling technique. A modified Questionnaire and Practice scale including socio-demographic performa as expressed by the children was used to assess the video-assisted training programme on knowledge and practice regarding hand washing technique among the school going children of Amroha. Collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Educational program is effective as children have high knowledge and good practice skills in handwashing, where the mean for knowledge pre-test and post-test score is 3.067 or practice pre-test and post-test score mean is 3.600 and majority of the adolescents have good practice. There is no association between post-test knowledge score and practice scale of children with demographic variable, where all the demographic variable was found to be not significant at 5% level (i.e., P<0.05). The present study concluded that the children’s have the high knowledge level and good practice skills. Through training programme, we can reduce the level of infection among the children. Keywords: Effectiveness, video-assisted trainingprogramme, knowledge, practice, hand washing technique school going children.
Balancing Mind Balance in Times of COVID-19
COVID-19 which has been declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, has become one of the major tragedies of this century. It has affected every aspect of lives of masses in almost every nook and corner of world. This pandemic is debilitating not only physically but also has deeper impact on the mental well-being of people. This study discusses the mental health issues related to COVID-19 and suggests some measures to deal with these issues. The change which has come with this pandemic in our routine lives, restrictions on going out, wearing mask all the time, attending classes from home, distancing from physical contacts, home isolation etc. is putting much mental stress on people. Children, elderly, older adults, people suffering from chronic mental diseases, those with compromised immune system, health care front line workers, etc. are at higher risk of developing psychological stress. There is an immense need of dealing with such psychological distress and keeping our minds healthy and away from distress by adopting various measures at individual level as well as at organizational level. Keywords: COVID-19, lockdown, pandemic, stress, depression, addiction, mental health
Emotional Intelligence and Work-related Stress among Nurses in Kerala, South India
Context: Multiple and conflicting demands imposed when working in the frontline of healthcare service makes nursing one of the most stressful professions. Emotional intelligence is found to be an important factor for predicting and managing work-related stress. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence on work-related stress level among nurses working in a private hospital. Materials and methods: A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was used. Data was collected from 717 registered nurses selected using convenient sampling technique. A self- administered questionnaire containing background data sheet, standardized emotional intelligence questionnaire and expanded nursing stress scale. Results and Discussion: The mean age of participants was 31.26±4.86 years. The total mean work-related stress score was found to be 133.9166±36.67, demonstrating a moderate level of work-related stress among nurses and is in line with the findings of other researchers. There was no statistically significant relationship between emotional intelligence and total work-related stress levels (p=0.688). However, a statistically significant relationship was found between work-related stress levels and gender, marital status, educational level and current area of working/service at 0.05 level. Conclusion: Specific preventive measures, both at individual and managerial levels, must be taken to preserve the physical and mental health of nurses. Keywords: Work-related stress, occupation, emotional intelligence, nurses, hospital
The Effect of Mental Health Course on Nurses’ Attitudes towards Suicide and Substances Use in Young People
The purpose of this study was to investigate possible attitudinal differences towards suicide and substances use of 120 Tunisian nurses between the age of 22 and 40 years old from two academic training curricula. Subjects were divided into two groups based on achieving the Academic Mental Health Program (AMHP) associated with young people, namely trained nurses (n=60) and untrained nurses (n=60) and compared with regard to 23 attitudes measured by means of the Attitudes towards Suicide Questionnaire (ATTS), the Short Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire (SAAPPQ) and the Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire (DDPPQ). Results yielded significant differences in nurses’ attitudes towards suicide and use of substances subscales scores in different academic training groups. Trained nurses consistently outperformed the other untrained group in suicide, loneliness and avoidance, judgment, and ability to help attempted suicidal people, acceptability of assisted suicide and duty to prevent mental illness. In terms of attitudes towards alcohol use, trained nurses showed the highest positive attitude in role legitimacy, task-specific self-esteem, work satisfaction, role security and therapeutic engagement. Untrained nurses showed the highest role adequacy towards drug users. The results of the study provided support for the hypothesis that academic differences in terms of attitudinal skills existed. More specifically, statistical evidence suggested that academically trained nurses on mental health could be differentiated as a function of attitudinal skill and the nature of mental health training that they achieved during their graduation. Keywords: Attitudes, mental health, nurse education, substances use, suicide, young people
Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is one of the common gynecologic problems among female students. It results in long resting period and regular school/college absenteeism among that age group. Dysmenorrhea among college girl students may be associated with high stress level. Aims and Objectives: To assess the incidence of dysmenorrhea among the college girls of Bangalore. Material and Methods: A questionnaire containing anthropometric data and menstrual history along with the participating students. Student’s t-test and chi-square test were used to compare and find association between parameters. Result: Out of 171 students, 92 (53.8%) were suffering from dysmenorrheal with dysmenorrhea than normal menstruation, it was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: In dysmenorrhea, there may be other influencing factors in menstrual function which have to be studied further.
USE OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING (PBL) AS A TEACHING METHODOLOGY TO IMPROVE THE SKILL IN HAND WASHING TECHNIQUE AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN
Project-based learning (PBL) is a new methodology in teaching in which students explore real life problems, issues, and challenges. It helps in active and engaged learning of students to obtain a deeper knowledge of the subjects they are studying. A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of project- based learning as teaching methodology among final year B.Sc. Nursing students of M.O.S.C. College of Nursing. The teaching methodology was adopted to teach the hand washing technique among 82 school children in a selected school, Kolenchery. Pre-test and post-test skill assessment were conducted using structured checklist on hand washing technique. The project-based learning was conducted based in six steps: 1) start with the essential question, 2) design a plan for the project, 3) create a schedule, 4) monitor the students’ progress, 5) assess the outcome and 6) evaluate the experiences. The study findings revealed that the pre-test median skill score was 5 with IQR (4, 6) and post-test median skill score was 12 with IQR (10, 14) among school children. Statistically significant improvement in skill score was identified after the introduction of teaching methodology. A satisfaction assessment form was also distributed among the final year B.Sc. Nursing students, and it was also found that 100% of students were highly satisfied with the new teaching methodology. Keywords: Project-based learning, nursing students, school children, hand washing, teaching methodology, skill
Codependency and Quality of Marital Life among Spouse of Patient with Alcohol Dependency Syndrome: A Correlational Study
Background: Alcoholism is a universal problem worldwide. The ill-effects of alcohol are not only affecting the individual user, but also society as a whole. Alcoholism continues to be a growing nuisance among all the strata of the society. Alcoholism is a chronic condition characterized by frequent repetition of drinking of alcoholic beverages, in excess of the dietary social use of community and to an extent that affects drinker’s health or his social or economic activities. Aim: The present study aims to assess the codependency and quality of marital life among spouses of patients with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS). Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 60 spouses of patients with ADS who are selected using a convenient sampling technique. The data were collected using socio- personal proforma, Span Fischer Codependency scale and ENRICH Quality of Marital Life Scale. Results: The study finding reveals that majority of the subjects had average level of codependency (60%). The mean score of codependency level was 49.78 and its standard deviation value was 17.41; similarly, the mean quality of married life score was 31.53 and its standard deviation 29 were 3.039. There was a moderate negative correlation between codependency and quality of married life among the subjects in the study. The association between level of codependency and socio-personal variables all not significant. The association between quality-of-life and socio-personal variables all not significant. Conclusion: The present study revealed that codependency among spouses of alcohol dependent patients was the main reason for the decline in the quality of marital life. A family that has developed co-dependent relationships may be in need of family therapy to overcome codependency. Keywords: Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS), codependency, spouses, quality of marital life
Assess the Utilization of Immunization Services among Under-five Children
A descriptive study was conducted to assess the utilization of immunization among 110 under-five children in Aikkaranad Grama Panchayath. The objectives of the study were to assess the utilization of immunization among under-five children and find the association between utilization with demographic variables. Quantitative research approach and a descriptive survey design were adopted for the study. Convenient sampling method was used to select 110 under-five children. Data collection was done using a structured tool. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and presented in tables and graphs. The study findings revealed that out of 110 samples, all under-five children included in this study were fully immunized (100%) up to the age irrespective of any socio-demographic variable. This study concluded that 110 under-five samples were fully immunized up to the age because of adequate mother’s awareness about immunization, appropriate utilization of cost-effective community health services nearby and effective health services provided by community health workers.
Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Community Health Nursing
Assess the Level of Physical and Psychological Problems Faced by Women Who Attained Menopause
Menopause is an important development event in a woman’s life having physical, psychological and social implications for the women. The objective was to assess the level of physical and psychological problems among women who attained menopause. The convenience sampling technique was adopted and a structured questionnaire was used to assess the level of physical and psychological problems of menopausal women. Women’s health assumes importance because their health status affects the whole family. Nurses have to help them to promote healthy life styles during this period.
Comparative Study to assess the coping strategies among first year nursing students based on gender at selected institution in Chennai
Assess the coping strategies among the fresher of male and female student nurses of nursing baccalaureate program. Assess the coping level of male and female students. Compare the coping level of male and female students at the end of the 1 year. Sampling Technique: Nonprobability convenient sampling technique. Design: Quantitative Descriptive research design. The target population of this study were both male and female student nurses of the baccalaureate program. Sample Size: Total 50 it includes both Male and Female Section A: Demographic data Section B: Consists of rating scale for effective coping response. Total 60 items regarding the multiple choice questionnaire on coping strategies among the freshers of female and male nursing students. The possible score was 60. For the positive answer, score was given for never(0) mark, for sometimes 1(one) mark, for always, 2 marks. For the negative answer score was given in reverse, for never 2 marks, sometimes ‘1’mark, for always ‘0’ mark was given. Score Interpretation Inadequate < 20 Moderately Adequate 21-40 Adequate>40. Sampling Technique: Nonprobability convenient sampling technique: Among 50 students, 19 (76%) of the male students and 23 (92%) of the female students were having moderately adequate level of coping strategies. 6 (24%) of the female students were having adequate level coping strategies and no one is having inadequate level of coping strategies.
Copyright (c) 2020 International Journal of Community Health Nursing
Culture-bound Medical Problem and Community Nursing
The culture bound medical disorder is a specific group of illness that is strongly related to the local culture and belief. The clinical problem is a combination of both physical and psychiatric compositions and mainly affected by specific cultural background of specific community. To manage those culture-bound problems, the community nurse has to learn about the community background, recognize the local belief and value and participate for adjustment of local patients’ problems. Community health nurses should recognize and think about culture bound medical disorder when there is an atypical clinical presentation of a patient in community health nursing.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme (GFATM-HIV/AIDS Module) on Knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS/ART among RN/RM Nurses at KMCH College of Nursing, Coimbatore
This paper aims to determine the effectiveness of Structural Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS/ART among RN/RM nurses. Objectives: (1) Assess the pre-test knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS/ART (2) Determine the effectiveness of STP on post-test knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS/ART. Assumption: RN/RM nurses have average knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS/ART. Hypothesis: There was a significant difference between before and after STP on knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS/ART. Methods: One group pretest and post-test experimental design. It was a quasi-experimental design. Sample Size: 30. Results: Good knowledge was gained. Conclusion: GFATM online module has great impact on increasing knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS/ART.
Selfie Taking Behaviour and its Impact on Wellbeing of College Students
Modern technology is an important part of our daily life and it is not possible to neglect its effect on human life. Addiction of smartphone reported in many studies that selfie taking behaviour may bring negative impact on wellbeing of college going students and create many problems nowadays; specifically, the practice of selfie taking by college students and sharing on social media. It has also become matter of investigation. The present study was conducted to assess the selfie taking behaviour and its impact on wellbeing of college students at selected colleges of Amritsar. A descriptive study was conducted by enrolling 200 college students from two arts colleges. Simple random sampling technique, lottery method (without replacement) was used for the enrolment. Socio-demographic profile was used to assess the socio-demographic variable and standardized selfitis behaviour scale and wellbeing scale was used to assess the selfie taking behaviour and wellbeing of college students. The results revealed that 116 (58%) were between 18 and 20 years, 112 (56%) were studying in 1st year, 122 (61%) had monthly income of below Rs. 10000, 131 (65.5%) were from rural area, 92 (46%) of fathers had secondary education, 108 (54%) of mothers had primary education, 94 (47%) of fathers were employed, 137 (68.5%) were home makers and 155 (77.5%) reported that they did not use selfie stick. Majority 67 (33.5%) had borderline selfitis behavior, 64 (32%) had acute selfitis behavior, 55 (27.5%) had normal selfitis behavior and 14 (7%) had chronic selfitis behavior. Mean score was 53.13±16.28. Majority 61 (78.2%) had average wellbeing, 13 (16.7%) had high wellbeing and 4 (5.1%) had low wellbeing. Mean score was 157.91±17.20. Education of father of college students (F=3.593, p=0.032) was found to have statistically significant association with level of selfitis behaviour of college students. Habitat of college students (t=7.640, p=0.001) was found to have statistically significant association with wellbeing of college of students. The other socio- demographic variables were found to have non-significant association with selfitis behaviour and wellbeing of college students. Study findings concluded that there was an average impact of selfie taking behaviour on wellbeing of college students. So, mental health screening and increased awareness among teachers and parents can reduce the negative impact of selfie taking behaviour.
Assess the Knowledge Regarding the usage of Plastic and Cloth Bags among Degree Students in Selected Colleges, of Karimnagar, Telangana
Background: Healthy population live longer, are productive, and save more. Many factors influence health status and a country’s ability. Plastic bags are used for containing and transporting goods such as foods, products, powders, ice, chemicals, and waste. It is a common form of packaging. Cloth bags refer to any reusable bag that is not made from HDPE plastic. Cloth bags are reusable, decreasing the need to use more materials for single-use production, and cloth bags reduce plastic use and therefore plastic pollution. Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge regarding the usage of plastic and cloth bags among the degree students. To find the association between the level of knowledge regarding the usage of plastic and cloth bags among the degree students with their selected demographic variables. Materials and methods: Descriptive research design was chosen to assess the knowledge. The sample size was 30 degree students. Demographic variables and the level of knowledge among degree students regarding the usage of plastic and cloth bags were collected by using the structured questionnaire. Results: The current knowledge level of degree students regarding the usage of plastic and cloth bags portrays that 16.66% had inadequate knowledge, 56.67% had moderate, and 26.67% of degree students had adequate knowledge. Conclusion: The findings revealed that most of the degree students were present with moderate knowledge regarding the usage of plastic and cloth bags
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Substance Abuse among Adolescents in a Selected High School, Kottayam, Kerala
The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding substance abuse among adolescents in a selected high school, Kottayam, Kerala. The research design of the study was non-experimental descriptive survey design. The setting of the study was Mar Makil Public School Kaipuzha, which comes under Kottayam district, Kerala, India and the school was providing education upto X th standard. Population was adolescents between the age group of 13–18 years. Sample size was 35 and samples were selected from VIIIth , IXth and X th standard using convenient sampling method. The instrument used for the present study was a knowledge questionnaire and a Three-Point Likert Rating scale. The structured knowledge questionnaire was prepared by the investigator, which consisted of 25 items. The rating scale for assessing the attitude of adolescents towards substance abuse has three options. ‘Agree’ carried 3 marks, ‘Partially agree’ carried 2 marks and ‘Disagree’ carried 1 mark. For a negative statement, the scoring system was reversed. The analysis of the data was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that the overall mean knowledge of adolescents regarding substance abuse was 15.7 (52.33%) and majority 31 (88.57%) of adolescents had average knowledge regarding substance abuse. The overall mean attitude of adolescents regarding substance abuse was 27.25 (82.85%) and majority 29 (82.8%) of adolescents had moderate positive attitude towards substance abuse. There was a correlation between knowledge and attitude of adolescents regarding substance abuse. The present study has implications in the field of nursing practice, nursing administration, nursing education and nursing research.
Population Explosion and Future Consequences: A Review
The main objective of this article is to highlight the population explosion and its consequences. The population is growing rapidly in recent decades across the world, especially in Africa, and Asia continents. As per the recent statistical data, the world population increased from 1 billion in the year 1800 to 7.8 billion today. The highest population growth is consecutively in Nigeria (66%), Pakistan (44%), and India (37%). The underdeveloped and under developing countries are contributing to the maximum rise in population. The main causes which make a rise in the population are illiteracy, poverty, early marriages, gender differences, familial issues, lack of freedom, lack of knowledge, lack of awareness, etc. There is a huge number of problems due to the population explosion such as the main issue being very high unemployment rates in African and Asian countries. Poverty, crimes, illegal activities, hunger, emerging diseases threat, water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution, insufficient food, water, and shelter, health services issues, and civil unrest may also happen. So the possible precautions must be taken by all the countries like strict laws on population control, awareness for eligible couples, etc.
Newly Launched Contraceptives—Government of India
Women’s reproductive health includes that women are able to have the capability to reproduce, the freedom to bring about wanted pregnancy and prevent unwanted pregnancies. The Government of India (GOI) takes full responsibility of providing funds, specifying guidelines and formulating protocols for Family Planning programme.Various types of Family Planning services (FP) is provided by the Government of India for the general public which they can avail at the Government health centres, free of cost. With new technologies GOI is focusing towards the evolution in the field of contraception. Based on the need two new methods of contraceptives are introduced by GOI for the public i.e. Chaaya and Antara (MPA). Both are temporary, reversible methods used to postpone pregnancy or spacing births. These contraceptives not only have contraceptive effect but also have benefit in menstrual cycle by reducing the blood flow and useful for anaemic mothers.
Challenges Faced by the Nursing Professionals in Management of Patients with COVID-19
Nurses as frontline warriors play significant role in management of patients with covid 19. Nurses are the ones doing the initial screenings, taking care of the critically ill, implementing triage protocols, communicating to families, and attending to the dying in health facilities. While they serve on the frontlines to contain Covid-19, they face many challenges like lack of resources such as Personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect themselves from infection, delayed recognition of COVID-19 symptoms, lack of experience in dealing with respiratory pathogens, exposure to large number of patients in long shifts with inadequate rest periods etc. To combat these challenges, in any public health emergency, organization of standardized short training on regular basis is a key factor to promote better patient care as well as to support health care workers. In order to prepare our health care workforce to fight the outbreak it is essential to ensure adequate supply of PPE and other requisite medical supplies, training on infection prevention, control and management, financial and social protection as well as psychological support Keywords: Nurses, Covid 19, challenges, Training, Personal Protective Equipment, Infection,
Nurses as Frontline Healthcare Workers in COVID-19 Pandemic
Response to any outbreak demands outstanding effort from the frontline workers, which also puts them at risk of infection from outbreak pathogen. Nurses constitutes an important force of frontline workers active in management of COVID-19 and this cadre needs special attention from the health care managers in terms of health and occupational safety. This study highlights the role and responsibilities of nurses and health workers, including specific measures needed to protect occupational safety and health.
Knowledge and Awareness Regarding the Harmful Effects of Substance Abuse among Adolescents
Substance abuse is a rapidly growing worldwide problem. The use and abuse of substances cause a considerable threat to the health of the individuals, social and economic status of families, societies, and nations. Almost every country in the world is affected by substance abuse. Adolescents are considered as a future pillar of the Nation and are responsible for its future productivity. Adolescents are those belonging to the age between 13–19 years which constitute over 23% of the population in India. Method: A research design used for this study was a descriptive survey approach. The samples were selected by using the purposive non-random sampling technique. The sample size was 100 adolescents aged 16 to 19 years. Data was collected by using a structured knowledge questionnaire schedule through multiple choice questions and a structured awareness checklist. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics by mean, standard deviation, and chi-square. Results: In the present study, out of 100 samples, the majority of the distribution of scores of knowledge of adolescents regarding harmful effects of substance abuse reveals that 48% of adolescents have low knowledge, 37% of adolescents have medium knowledge, and 15% have high knowledge. The mean knowledge score regarding the harmful effect of substance abuse among adolescents was 12.27, and the standard deviation of knowledge scores of adolescents was 3.68 whereas the mean awareness score of the adolescents was 22.32, and the standard deviation of awareness scores of adolescents was 2.34. There was no significant association between the demographic variables such as age, gender, education, residential areas, type of family, family’s monthly income, father’s education, mother’s education, father’s occupation, mother’s occupation, and sources of information with knowledge and awareness regarding harmful effects of substance abuse among adolescents.
Community Survey Report: Savargaon Village, Maharashtra
As a part of curriculum of final year B.Sc. Nursing, The students (n=24) who had completed 135 hours of Clinical requirement of Community Health Nursing subject of S.N.D College of nursing were posted to Savargaon under the Primary Health Centre (PHC) Area for conducting Community survey report. The groups were divided and allotted in various departments and home settings. During the entire posting 115 houses were covered to assess the knowledge regarding the administration of Rural Family Welfare Centre, Anganwadi, School Health Programme, various National and State Health programmes and attended camp. The survey was carried out on various aspects of the mentioned village PHC, such as Demographic characteristic of about 608 families, with 3130 total population. There were 52.93% of Males, Females about 47.07%, under-five 13.07% and Geriatrics 16.05%. Majority of the family belongs to Nuclear 76.04% and remaining 24.06% were of Joint family.
A Study to Assess the Interpersonal and Social Adaptation and Coping Strategies in Transition to College by First-Year Nursing Students of a Selected Nursing College, Coimbatore
Entering a college is an important phase in adulthood. Opportunities and challenges await them. When they are unable to adapt to such a change, issues regarding studies and other aspects arise. In a study by Mathew (2017), it reveals that first-year students have poor coping strategy and increased stress level. Descriptive research design was used to find out the interpersonal adaptation and coping strategies in transition to college by first-year nursing students. A convenient sample of 100 students was taken, and behavior and psychological adaptation and coping strategies questionnaire were used as the tool. Findings reveal that11% of respondents had good interpersonal support, 80% had moderate interpersonal support and only 9% of them had poor interpersonal support. 9% of respondents had good social support, 83% had moderate social support and only 8% of them had poor social support. 13% of respondents had good coping style, 80%of them had moderate coping style and only 7% of them had poor coping style. Hence, good behavioral, psychological and the coping strategies are essential in assisting undergraduate students to meet the challenges present in today’s healthcare environment. Nurses need to equip themselves and be prepared when needed.
Radial tunnel syndrome (RTS) is an orthopedic condition which includes group of symptoms including all the systemic symptoms like fatigue or dullness, aching or pain at the top of the forearm, and symptoms can also occur behind the hand and wrist. There are several important causes for RTS: any time the radial nerve is pinched anywhere along its length; overuse of the arm to push, pull and overuse of the hand by gripping, pinching, or bending the wrist can irritate the nerve and cause pain; repeating the same movement such as twisting the arm or wrist on the job or playing sports, squeezes the radial nerve over time, etc
Assess the Effectiveness of Informational Booklet of Knowledge Regarding Hypertension and its Lifestyle Modification Among the Hypertension Patients
Hypertension is an important medical and public health problem. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the wall of the blood vessels. The objective was to assess the knowledge regarding hypertension and its lifestyle modification among hypertensive patients. Evaluative approach was used in the study. Purposive sampling technique was adopted and structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge regarding hypertension and its lifestyle modification among hypertensive patients. In the community, health status is the combination of health measure for all individuals living in the community. So, as a community health nurse, lifestyle modification of hypertension among hypertensive patients plays an important role in promoting the health of an individual.
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge and Provide Awareness About Blood Donation Among the Adults of the Selected Rural Areas in District Ambala, Haryana
Blood is very important for human life. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body tissues. There is a continuous demand for frequent blood supply because blood can be stocked for only a confined time before use. Frequent blood donation by a number of people is needed to fortify that safe blood will be available wherever it is needed. Aim of study: To assess the knowledge and provide awareness about blood donation among the adults of the selected rural area in district Ambala, Haryana. Material and method: A quantitative research approach with non-experimental research design was adopted. Total 100 samples were taken by using simple convenient sampling techniques to identify the knowledge about the blood donation. Data were collected with self-structured questionnaires and socio-demographic variables and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The result showed that, out of 100 samples, 93% of adults belong to Hindu religion, the majority of adults (40%) were in 18–21 age groups, 66% of adults were females and 57% of adults were married. 74% of adults live in joint family, majority of adults (49%) have done high senior secondary education and 53% of adults receiving monthly income <5000. Majority of adults (59%) got information regarding blood donation through television. Majority of adults (40%) are housewives. Majority of adults (85%) had never donated blood. According to the knowledge score, out of 100 samples of rural adults (18–30 years), the average score was 60%, good 36%, poor 4%. The mean score of the knowledge was 33.3, median was 36, standard deviation was 28.09, and t-test, df and significant values were 2.055, and 2, 0.176, respectively.
A Study to Assess the Effect of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding Selected Government Schemes on Knowledge among Resident People
The study aimed to assess the effect of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding selected government schemes of resident people and to find out the association between knowledge score with their selected demographic variables. 30 resident people were selected as sample of the present study from different categories of resident people from Gour Tiraha Jabalpur and were selected using the convenient purposive sampling. It was concluded that there was significant improvement in post-test knowledge score. The knowledge improvement mean score was 26.97 with SD 1.59 and‘t’ value was 12.25 which is much higher than the required table value p>0.05 (2.04) df=29 which showed the effectiveness of structured teaching programme. So educating the people regarding selected Government schemes will help them to improve knowledge.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Health Teaching Regarding Knowledge of Swine Flu among Students in Selected Junior College of Akluj
Background: Swine influenza is a highly contagious respiratory disease of pigs caused by one of several swine influenza viruses. Outbreaks are general in pigs every year-round, and infection in humans is a result of direct contact with infected animals. More importantly this new strain now appears to be spread by human to human transmission and hence, it has become pandemic. Aims and Objective: To assess the existing knowledge related to swine flu among students. To assess effectiveness of planned health teaching regarding knowledge of swine flu among students. To assess the association between pre-test and post-test knowledge score. Material and Methods: A self-structured questionnaire was developed for assessing the effect of planned health teaching regarding knowledge of swine flu among the selected Junior college of Akluj. In this study the structured questionnaire was worded in a manner that could minimize the risk of response biases, enhance clarity and unambiguity, and be courteous to the needs and rights of respondents especially when asking questions of highly private nature. Result: samples (81%) were in the age group 16-18 years and very few (19%) were in the age group 18–19 years. Most of the samples who participated in study were females (66.66%). 38.33% of students in pre -test of Experimental Group were having poor knowledge score (0-7), majority 51.66% of students in pre-test of Experimental Group were having average knowledge score (8-14), and only 10% of students in pre- test Experimental Group were having good knowledge score (8-14), whereas in post-test majority 16.66% of the students had good knowledge score (15-20) and 83.67 % of students in post-test of Experimental Group were having good knowledge score, which indicates that the Planned Teaching was effective. Conclusion: The health teaching on knowledge of swine flu found to be effective in increasing the knowledge in students the samples had a highly significant gain in knowledge after the planned teaching program. In the age group of 18-19yrs. The planed teaching on knowledge of swine flu was found to be effective.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding Family Planning Method among Primigravida Women in Selected Community area Kairon Tarn-Taran, Punjab
Today, rapid growth of population is identified as a major problem in the society and it mainly occurs due to lack of knowledge regarding the contraceptives. Family planning is the method in which family is planned according to choose. The aim of conducting the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding family planning methods among primigravida mothers and to evaluate research approach pre experimental one group pre-test post design. In the present study primigravida mothers had been selected by using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data had collected from the primigravida mothers regarding demographic variables and knowledge regarding family planning methods in selected villages with the help of structured teaching programme. Data had collected through questionnaire which was distributed to each female. At the end of teaching doubts had cleared. The data had analyzed by using descriptive & inferential statistical.
A Comparative Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practice regarding First Aid among the Primary School Teachers in Selected Urban and Rural Areas (Raipur and Abhanpur)
‘First Aid’ is the first treatment or assistance given to an injured person (casualty) for sudden illness or any injury before the arrival of qualified medical care by using materials and facilities available at that time. Many times, death results because of delay in reaching the casualty to appropriate medical care, and/or lack of knowledge concerning treatment. On the contrary, if help is provided to casualty as soon as possible following the accident or injury, a life could be saved. In this study a non-experimental comparative design was adopted; convenient sampling technique was used to select 80 sample based on certain predetermined criteria. The urban and rural primary school teacher’s knowledge and practice was assessed by using structured questionnaire. The reliability of the tool was determined by using split half method. The present study attempted to compare the school teachers on First Aid and it revealed that the knowledge score was t=10.98 and p=0.001*** and the practice score was t=8.66 and p=0.001*** and hence the objective to assess the knowledge and practice of primary school teachers regarding First Aid. Regarding the hypothesis H1, their significant relationship between knowledge and practice score which was proved from the very fact the substantial positive correlation exists (r=0.65 p=0.01) between urban teachers and a moderate positive correlation (r=0.49 p=0.01) among rural teachers.
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Level of Knowledge Regarding Temporary Family Planning Methods among Male in a Selected Community in Kanyakumari District
The study was conducted to access the knowledge regarding temporary family planning methods among male in Kanyakumari district. Objectives of the study • To assess the knowledge regarding temporary family planning methods of male. • To find the association between knowledge and demographic variables. Such as age, education, occupation, wife’s education and religion. Research design: Descriptive research design was selected for this study. Setting:-The study was conducted at community area Kandanvilai. Population: The eligible couple in community area, Kandanvilai. Sample size:-Sample size of 30 eligible couple was selected. Sample technique: Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select subjects based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Description of the tool: The tool contains of two parts. Part 1: In this section the information of demographic variables such as Age, Marital status, Occupation, Education, Wife’s occupation, Wife’s education, Religion. Part 2: In this part the questionnaires were used to find out the knowledge score regarding temporary family planning methods. Totally there was 20 questions for correct answer score 1 was given, for wrong answer 0 was given. The subjects were classified into three groups based on knowledge score. Intermediate knowledge: below 50% Medium: 50%–75% Average: 76%–100%. Major finding of the study are as follows: • The overall level of all variables revealed that 70% of the sample had intermediate knowledge and 30% of the sample had average level of knowledge. • The study revealed that there was a significant association, wife’s education, wife’s occupation, religion of male with level of knowledge.
A Study To“Assess The Factors Affecting the Duration Of Hospital Stay Among Patients At Selected Hospitals, Tirupati, A.P.”
The study aimed to assess the factors affecting the duration of hospital stay and to find out the association between factors with selected demographic variables, conducted in Ramadevi, Sri Sai Sudha and Sri Maruthi Multi Specialty hospitals, Tirupati. 150 samples were selected by using convenience sampling technique. Results revealed that the average LOS (days) for acute 3.7 ± 1.9, sub acute 5.2 ± 2.0 and for chronic conditions 26.3 ± 87.3. Hospital stay and its relation with nurses work-behavior and nurse-patient satisfaction were analyzed using multiple correlation i.e., R=0.3, indicating lower border positive correlation. Associations of factors with selected demographic variables were analyzed by chi-square test, a significant association between factors affecting LOS with age (>50 yrs), married patients, illiterates, dependents, income between Rs. 5,001-10,000 and patients belonging to joint family.
A study to assess the conflict management style among the nursing students in Madha College of Nursing, Chennai.
A conflict rises when individuals have diverse thoughts, thought procedures, attitudes, benefits, requirements and they find it problematic to regulate with each other Causes of conflict among the students are scarcity of resources such as finance, equipment, facilities, etc different attitudes, values or perceptions, disagreements about needs, goals, priorities and interests, poor communication, inadequate organizational structure, lack of teamwork and lack of clarity in roles and responsibilities. The most common cause of conflict among student nurses are miscommunication between people with regard to their needs, ideas, beliefs, goals, or values. The study was conducted by adopting a descriptive research design. The sample size was 30 students from B.Sc(N) IV year and P.B.B.Sc(N) I year who fulfilled the inclusive criteria. They were selected by convenient sampling technique. The conflict management style among students was assessed by using the opinion survey. The tool was constructed based on the review of literature and experts suggestions. Major findings of the study The conflict management style among students indicated that 25(83.33%) students having approach style,2(6.66%) students having avoidance style and 3(10%) students having both approach and avoidance style of conflict management. There was no significant association between the selected variables and conflict management style at p<0.05
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge of Mothers Regarding Prevention of Selected Communicable Diseases Among Under Five Children in Selected Urban Areas of Fatehabad
Communicable diseases are a danger to everyone. Some have been controlled with vaccinations and modern technology, while others are emerging or resistant to drug treatments. They are among the major causes of illnesses in developing countries. These diseases affect people of all ages but more so children due to their exposure to environmental conditions that support the spread. Communicable diseases are avoidable base on interferences positioned on numerous levels of broadcast of the disease. A study was conducted on conveniently selected 100 mothers of under five children from the selected urban areas of Fatehabad. The research tool consisted of following parts: Part 1: sociodemographic profile sheet, Part 2: structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the effectiveness of STP regarding knowledge of mothers about prevention of selected communicable diseases in under five children. A house to house survey was conducted 100 mothers of under five were interviewed as per interview schedule. The study explored that 40% samples have two children. 30% of samples have three children, 20% have one child and only 10% samples have 4 children. In pretest 90% of sample was having average knowledge and 10% of sample was having low/poor knowledge regarding prevention of communicable diseases in under five children. There was a significant improvement in posttest knowledge. 88% of the sample was having high knowledge and 12% of the sample was having regarding prevention of communicable diseases in under five children.
Knowledge regarding Ill Effects of Alcohol among the Undergraduate Students of Selected Colleges of Belagavi, Karnataka
India is a one of the largest democratic and a secular country in South Asia occupying almost 3% of the world’s land area but supporting 866 million people. Alcohol consumption has been in existence in India for many centuries. However, the overall quantity patterns of use and problems resulting from this consumption as have shown significant changes during the last two decades. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding the ill effects of alcohol among the undergraduate students and to find out the association between knowledge scores with selected demographic variables. The study was conducted on 40 undergraduate students from K.L.EU Institute of Nursing Sciences Belagavi. Convenient sampling technique was used for the selection of sample. Data was collected by using pre-validated structured questionnaire. The results showed that majority 26(65%) of subject were average, 07(17.5%) of students were good and 1(17.5%) of the subject was poor and there was no significant association with demographic variables like age, gender, education of mother and family monthly income.
Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Nursing Informatics Among Nursing Faculties in Selected Nursing College of Northwest India: Cross-Sectional Study
The present and future health care technologies show dynamic development in all aspects in medical care. To meet the current trends in informatics, a nurse need nursing informatics competencies. The objectives of the study were to determine the knowledge score of nursing faculty towards nursing informatics and to find the association of knowledge score with the selected demographic variables. This cross sectional descriptive study was employed using convenient sampling of 441 nurses’ who work in selected institutes, schools and college of nursing in northwest India. The subjects who had at least 1 year teaching experience, also willing to participate in the study and present at the time of data collection were adopted as samples. In contrast, nursing faculty who held doctorate degree in nursing and who were exposed to their session already, i.e. pilot study were excluded from the study. Structured knowledge tool which has been validated by nursing and statistical experts was used for data collection. Ethical consideration was obtained from the respective authorities. Informed consents was taken from the subjects and ensured about confidentiality of information provided by them. The study revealed that nursing faculty had average awareness towards nursing informatics. The mean ± SD knowledge score of nurses’ towards nursing informatics was 12.76 (51.04%) ± 3.079. Statistically significant associations were observed with variables such as age qualification, computer experience, learning computer skills formally from the school, course obtained, adequate number of computers in the institution and free access to institution’s computer. To put in shot, nursing faculties require knowledge in order to bring up efficient student nurses, consequently a better nursing care.
Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Voluntary Blood Donation among Students in Selected Colleges
Background: In 1628, British physician William Harvey discovered the circulation of blood. In 1818, a patient of growth of blood banks, transfusion services, and other related support services were noticed across the country. Almost half of these are collected in high income countries, home to 15% of world’s population. The reasons for non-donations were: no one had ever asked to donate blood; lack of information on blood donation and its importance and not knowing where to donate blood and negative attitude (36.42%) like blood donation makes the person weak, reduce immunity and leads to anemia. Objectives: 1) To assesses the level of knowledge regarding voluntary blood donation among student in selected colleges. 2) To evaluate effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding voluntary blood donation among student in selected colleges. 3) To determine the association between level of knowledge regarding voluntary blood donation among college student with their selected demographic variables. Material and method: The study was conducted in selected engineering college areas. Research approach used for this study was pre-experimental approach. 60 engineering college students (age between 17 and 24 years) from engineering college areas were selected for the study. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data. Result: The post-test score 1(1.67%) students have good knowledge and 59(98.3%) students have excellent knowledge. Conclusion: The findings on present study will help the nursing professionals working in community area to provide college students knowledge regarding blood donation. Result shows poor knowledge score among college students that enables the community health nurse to conduct health education programme regarding blood donation.
I Do It For The Joy It Brings: Role of the International Health Agency
Agency is a bureau that acts independently to make their free choices and provides services to others. Health agency is the health organization whose aim is to look after health, which could be a health of state, health of a nation or worldwide health. Based on area of provision of involvement and services, these organizations are classified as multilateral organization, bilateral organization and non-governmental organizations or health agencies. These organizations provide time-to-time help to the needy individuals, state and nation e.g. in case of emerging diseases like severe acute respiratory syndrome (2002), H1N1 (2009), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (2014).
COVID-19–A Boon for One and a Bane for Another
COVID-19 is a virus that originated in Wuhan in the year 2019. It affects the respiratory system, and due to the global spread, it has now caused a pandemic. The term COVID-19 stems as an abbreviation to the statement coronavirus disease 2019. The world is fighting with it as it has taken many lives and continues to do so. COVID-19 affects different people in different ways. Mild to moderate illness and recovery without hospitalisation is seen in most of the infected people. Symptoms commonly exhibited are fever with dry cough and feeling exhausted. Mild manifestation of COVID-19 includes ageusia, anosmia, bluish discoloration of the extremities, skin rash, diarrhoea, headache, sore throat and conjunctivitis. Significant features incorporate dyspnoea, chest pain, being motionless and aphasia. When we know our goal, it is easier to take steps towards it. Though we need to stay at home as much as we can, there are essential errands we need to go out for. However, if we follow the precautionary measures, it safeguards and helps us prevent getting infected by the virus. Make sure you always have a mask on when you step out. And also a small pocket size hand sanitiser. When you go out for groceries, make sure you maintain distance, have the mask on and avoid touching your face. Once you reach home, make sure you have separated your outdoor slippers. Have a basket full of water ready inside near the door and drop the veggies and packets in it. Take the grocery bags and your slippers and head to the washroom. Clean them both and take a thorough shower. Do not touch or come in contact with other people before you have taken a shower. Make sure you sanitise the door posts, and always disinfect the touch surface areas in your home on a daily basis, that is, with regards to prevention. But there is so much more to do with building an immune system that will always help you be on the safer side of recovery. Have vegetable soups, healthy concoctions, hot water to drink and other immunity boosting foods that you may know of. In this article, we'll walk you through every aspect of COVID-19. The major touch points would be the origin, the cause and symptoms, the prevention and management, and a word of hope. The purpose of engaging in a discourse like this is far greater than just sharing a piece of information. It transcends many layers of compassion and welfare-seeking community goal.
Social distancing a boon to prevent COVID-19: A Mini Review
Social distancing, a physical distancing is a set of infection control measures to control or decrease the spread of contagious diseases. Main objective of this article is to bring awareness and importance regarding social distancing among people across the globe to prevent such a deadly pandemic disease/viral disease COVID-19. We all know that currently, we all are facing the problem of pandemic deadly disease COVID-19 which had epicenter in Wuhan province, China since December-2019 and has already spread across the globe and it claimed 30000 plus lives and 6 lakhs plus infected people till 29th march 2020 and still not under control in most of the parts in the world except few countries. Accurate treatment and vaccination not yet found for the same even though after struggling hard by most developed countries such as USA, UK, Australia, Israel, Italy, etc. Why social distancing required? To prevent spread of pandemic/viral diseases, to control the spread of viral disease such as COVID-19, to lead healthy lifestyle and to save lives of people.
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Level of Knowledge Regarding Child Abuse among Housewives (30–40 Years) at Parvathipuram in Vadalur, Cuddalore District
In India, 53% of the children are facing any form of child abuse, i.e. a child can be abused physically, mentally and sexually. This abuse can be blaming, neglecting, assaulting, forced sexual stimulation, exploitation and even sexual abuse. National Crime Records Bureau says that the cases of rape and murder in children increase every year. Title: A descriptive study to assess the level of knowledge regarding child abuse among housewives (30–40 years) at Parvathipuram in Vadalur. Objectives: (1) To assess the existing level of knowledge among housewives (30–40 years) at Parvathipuram regarding child abuse. (2) To associate the level of knowledge regarding child abuse of the housewives (30–40 years) with the demographic variables. Sample: The sample for this study comprised around 30 housewives (30–40 years) at Vadalur. Sampling technique: Non-probability convenient sampling technique is used for selecting the sample for the study. Findings: The existing level of knowledge among housewives (30–40 years) at Parvathipuram regarding child abuse was assed using a structured questionnaire showed that 63.4% (19) of housewives having moderate knowledge regarding child abuse, the mean and standard deviation was 10.6 and 3.4, respectively, and the mean percentage was 53%.
Effect of Lockdown during COVID-19 on Women
Abstract Covid 19 pandemic has affected everyone, everywhere. It has devastating health, social and economic consequences for women. Their safety and security turn out to be a serious concern. Extra economic and social stresses caused by a radical shift away from normal life, has increased the stress among families. This stress is leading to an increased danger of violence at home Non availability of domestic helps due to lock down has left women with everlasting household chores. Closure of Day Care Centres and creches has added additional challenge. Some front line workers like policewomen and nurses who return home from hectic work are facing bitterness for ‘putting the family at risk. The lockdown during pandemic has stimulated a huge increase in domestic violence cases against women. According to WHO data, 70 % of the world's health workers are women, 79% of the nurses are women. In India, as 83% of nurses and midwives are female, they are more at risk of catching infection during their work. Incidents of nurses being harassed and abused by men in isolation wards have also been reported. ASHA workers who are an integral part of our health system, have also reported incidences of attacks while on COVID duty. To reduce the stress in the household help may be provided to the women by some formal means such as making provisions of cash transfers and provision of wet and dry ration support. This may likely to help the family and decrease violence at home. The other measures to protect women from violence may be increasing the awareness through the media on contacting the police and women commission for help in case of need. The 181 helpline number set up for this reason should always remain active, and women should be reminded of this number through TV advertisements
Stigmatization: The Most Dangerous Enemy of COVID-19
During the epidemic of every infectious disease like COVID-19, stigmatization affects the physical and mental health of sufferers relentlessly. Stigma may be in many forms such as rejection, gossip, social isolation, physical violence and denial of services. Stigma of infectious diseases can be as devastating to the infected individuals as the diseases themselves. Judging patients with various negative stigma victimizes them twice. Stigmatising people during this pandemic poses a serious threat because out of fear of social rejection, people do not inform or get tested for infection and treated if they have the symptoms. They are reluctant to speak up about exposed to persons carrying diseases out of anxiety that they may be rejected. This could speed up the spread of disease and making it difficult to control. The effect of stigma not only affects the sick person but also the people who are associated with the diseases such as family members and the health care professionals caring the sick persons. The stigma related to COVID-19 can be stopped by sharing the facts of disease with people in the community. Governments, media and civil society must place accurate, timely information about how people can protect themselves and others from the virus, and take steps to combat false, discriminatory narratives, which are ultimately counterproductive.
A Study to Compare the Knowledge Regarding Tuberculosis among Adults Residing in Selected Urban and Rural Area
“A study to compare the knowledge regarding tuberculosis among adults residing in selected urban and rural area at Aurangabad Taluk, with a view to develop an information booklet.” Objectives: (1) To assess the knowledge regarding tuberculosis among adults in urban area. (2) To assess the knowledge regarding tuberculosis among adults in rural area. (3) To compare the knowledge regarding tuberculosis among adults of urban and rural areas. (4) To find out association between the knowledge score regarding tuberculosis among adults of urban area with selected socio-demographic variables. (5) To find out association between the knowledge score regarding tuberculosis among adults of rural area with selected socio-demographic variables. (6) To develop an information booklet regarding tuberculosis. Methodology: The conceptual framework used for the study was based on Modified Nola J Pender’s Health promotion model. The study was conducted on a sample of 60 (30 urban and 30 rural) adults of Renuka Nagar and Karmad village of Aurangabad Taluk. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used for selecting samples. In the present study, descriptive comparative survey design was adopted. The tool used for data collection was structured knowledge questionnaire. Reliability of the tool was r = 0.5. The data were collected, tabulated and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The level of significance was at 0.05 levels. Result: The findings of the study showed that the knowledge of urban adults regarding tuberculosis was greater than of rural adults.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Mobile Phone usage and Addiction Level among Teenagers in Selected Community Area at Cuddalore District
Background: Cell phones were started out as a gadget for adults, but they have now become a necessary item for the entire family. Now, in India, 391 million people are using cell phones. At the end of 2010, it is expected to l reach 500 million users. The Health Ministry says talking for too long in a cell phone seriously affects your health. Health Minister Ghulan Nabi Azad had said that sensory neural deafness occurs in 30% of people using mobile phones for more than two hours a day over two years of period. The entire world is grasped by the versatile touch whether it is an understudy, house spouse, shop guardian and rickshaw driver, milkman, professional rich or poor nearly everybody carries phone on his/her hand. Objectives: To assess the existing knowledge regarding mobile usage among teenagers in selected community at Vadalur. To associate the level of knowledge regarding usage of mobile and its addiction level with their selected demographic variables. Method: The research design for this study was descriptive design. The study was conducted from the samples of 50 teenagers by convenient sampling technique in a selected community area at Cuddalore district. Demographic data were selected from each sample. The knowledge was assessed by using semi-structured questionnaire. Result: The mean score of teenagers was 10.4; SD is 1.8977 and the mean% 69.33. This indicates that the value has significant increase in knowledge level of teenagers. Conclusion: The findings revealed that knowledge of teenagers was moderately adequate. It was necessary for the investigator to improve the knowledge of teenagers by giving specific information on mobile phone usage and its addiction which may improve the knowledge of teenagers.
A Descriptive Study to Assess Prevalence of Hypertension among Adults Male Residing at Urban Community, Kolkata, West Bengal
Hypertension is a medical condition which is now a days become a public health problem and it is alarming. Modern lifestyle, food habit, stress or some demographic factors is the leading factors of hypertension. So, the research group conducted a descriptive study to assess prevalence of hypertension among adults residing at urban community, Kolkata, West Bengal. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension among adults residing at urban community and to find the association between level of hypertension with selected demographic variables. For this study survey approach and descriptive research design was used among 60 adults’ male samples. Data was collected by purposive sampling technique using two tools; demographic proforma and sphygmomanometer. After collection of data, data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Study findings revealed that, • Majority samples have pre-hypertension (86.67%). • 33.33% Samples having stage II hypertension. • Majority (95%) samples are smoker which is associated with level of hypertension • According to Chi Square analysis occupation, type of non-vegetarian diet, frequency of using animal protein in diet/wk., using extra salt or salty foods/day, amount of oil during cooking/day, lack of vegetable in diet/day, type of fuel using for cooking, addiction habit, type of substance abuse, lack of regular physical exercise/week, presence of stress, stress type, Parenteral hypertension, history of family hypertension, habit of irregular intake of anti-hypertensive medicine, habit of frequent other medicine intake have association with level of hypertension with demographic variables.
A Pre-experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Self-administration of Insulin among OPD Patients in Selected Hospitals of Ludhiana, Punjab
Introduction: The present study is a pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and practice regarding self-administration of insulin among OPD patients in selected hospitals of Ludhiana, Punjab. Objectives: To assess the pre-test–post-test knowledge regarding self-administration of insulin among OPD patients; to assess the pre-test–post-test practice regarding self-administration of insulin among OPD patients; to find out the co-relation between knowledge and practice regarding self-administration of insulin among OPD patients; to determine the relationship of knowledge regarding self-administration of insulin among OPD patients with demographic variables, i.e. age (in years), gender, educational status, occupational status, marital status, type of insulin injection device used, duration of insulin used, source of information; to determine the relationship of practice regarding self-administration of insulin among OPD patients with demographic variables, i.e. age (in years), gender, educational status, occupational status, marital status, type of insulin injection device used, duration of insulin used, and source of information. Research approach and rationale: The research approach of the study was pre-experimental research approach. This approach involves manipulation and lack of two properties of true experiment, i.e. randomization and control.
e-Health technologies will change the phase of healthcare delivery with improving in quality and efficiency to the care providers. It also makes easy for the providers to access their patient’s records and reports by means of electronic health record (EHR), radio-frequency identification (RFID) and wide range of health services. The final goal of e-Health care is to reduce the health-related errors and to enhance the health status of the patients.
Knowledge Regarding Diarrhoeal Disease among Mothers of Under-Five Children
Diarrhoea is a common disease affecting all the people in the country, especially young children. About 1.7–5 billion cases of diarrhoea occur per year. Diarrhoea is a major public health problem in developing countries. An estimated 1.8 billion episodes of diarrhoea occur each year and 3 million children under the age of 5 years die of diarrhoea, 80% of these deaths affect under the age of two years. It is most common in developing countries, where young children get diarrhoea on average three times a year. Several factors are likely to contribute to the very high diarrhoea morbidity and mortality rates, in children of under-five years including poverty, female illiteracy, poor water supply and sanitation, poor hygiene practices and inadequate health services. Method: A research design used for this study was descriptive which belongs to non-experimental research design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample and the sample size was 150 mothers of under-five children. Data were collected by using structured interview schedule. Analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The result showed that in the present study, out of 150 samples, 2 (1.3%) mothers have the high knowledge, 26% mothers have average knowledge and 72% had low knowledge about diarrhoeal disease. The mean knowledge score of study respondents was 15.3 (SD=3.57). The calculated χ2 value was less than the table values, so there was no significant association between the demographic variables such as age, religion, mother’s education, mother’s occupation, types of family, no. of children, family income per month in rupees; hence the hypothesis has been rejected. But there is a significant relationship between source of information and knowledge of mother about diarrhoeal disease as (χ2=12.752) is more than the table value.
Knowledge and Practice of Household Waste Management Among Residents of Selected Wards in Ponmala Panchayath
A quantitative non-experimental descriptive exploratory research design approach was used for the study. 30 samples from Ponmala Panchayath, Kerala, India, were selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique. Socio-demographic data were assessed using structured interview schedule, structured questionnaire and checklist. Data were analyzed and interpreted by descriptive and inferential statistics. Data collection tools were structured such as interview schedule, structured questionnaire and checklist. The analysis revealed that majority of the residents have very good knowledge regarding household waste management and 60% of the residents are practicing average household waste management. There is a significant association between knowledge regarding household waste management among the residents of Ponmala Panchayath with educational status of father (p<0.05).
A Study to Assess the Vulnerability to Sibling Rivalry and Sibling Violence Among Adolescents of a Selected School of Hyderabad
Sibling rivalry occurs with predictable regularity and intensity between offspring. The resource competition framework suggests that the nature of sibling rivalry and violence depends on the characteristics of other siblings, the structure of family, and on the nature of insufficient resources. The objectives of the study were to assess the vulnerability to sibling rivalry and sibling violence among adolescents and to seek association between sibling rivalry and sibling violence with selected demographic variables. The research approach adopted for this study was quantitative approach, non-experimental descriptive method, and the sampling technique used in research design selected was purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted in Fr. Roch Memorial High School, Kharitabad, on a group of 70 students of IX standard having A & B divisions using a structured questionnaire which has been validated by several experts. The tool was modified according to the opinion of the experts. Items with 100% agreements were included in the tool. The reliability of the tool was established by split-half method, and the r-value was 1 which indicated perfect reliability. Majority of adolescents with sibling rivalry and violence under the age group of 14 years were 35 (50%), followed by 13 years were 20 (28.5%), 15 years were 12 (17.1%), and 12 years were 3 (4.28%). Among the total sample, 53 (75.7%) of them were males and 17 (24.28%) of them were females. Adolescent siblings having 1 sibling were 34 (48.57%), 2 siblings were 18 (25.7%), followed by students having 3 were 8 (11.4%) and more than 3 were 10 (14.2%). Majority of them with age difference >3 were 24 (34.2%), 2 were 17 (24.2%), 3 were 15 (21.4%), and 1 were 14 (20%). Among the total sample, 27 (38.5%) come under first birth order, 26 (37.1%) come under second birth order, 9 (12.8%) come under third birth order, and 8 (11.4%) of them come under more than third birth order. Fifty-eight (82.8%) of them often have conflicts with their siblings and 12 (17.14%) of them have no conflicts with their siblings. The highest modified mean score was found in emotional violence domain (1.49). All the study subjects, that is 70 (100%), reported moderate level of sibling violence. It was found no association between age, age difference, birth order with sibling rivalry, and violence.
Effect of Community Engagement on Acquired Teamwork Skills of Nursing Students
Background: Designing clinical experience and implementing community engagement that engage nursing students with community members ensure the needs of the community are met and improved student's teamwork skills. Aim: Determine the effect of community engagement on acquired teamwork skills of nursing students. Design: Quasi-experimental research design was used: Setting: Two villages from El-Beheira Governorate, namely Zarkone village and Zaweet Ghazal village, Egypt. Subjects: All undergraduate nursing students with grade four, where n = 73 for study group and n = 73 for control group. Tool: Students' Teamwork Skills Structured Questionnaire Sheet Tool was used to collect data about sociodemographic data and teamwork skills of nursing students. Results: The study group reported higher level score of teamwork skills from 4.1% to 75.3% after the implementation of the community engagement with a statistically significant difference p<0.001. On the other hand, the control group shows that there is no statistically significant difference between pre- and post-test. Conclusion: The nursing students acquired higher teamwork skills as an effect of implementation of community engagement activities, and this was observed among study groups rather than control group. Recommendation: Application of community engagement concept in other nursing curriculum to foster nursing students’ interest in their own communities enhances sense of belonging and provides community services.
Nurses have demonstrated their value in numerous disaster situations because they possess the knowledge, skills and abilities that support the humanitarian efforts and positively contribute to a disaster response. The preparation of nurses and other health professionals must be a priority in disaster management because disasters can pose serious public health threats to any nation. Nurses are often the first medical personnel on site after disaster strikes. In these situations where incomes are infrequent, nurses are called upon to take parts as first responder, direct care benefactor, on-site manager of care, data earner or instructor, mental health counselor and triage officer. Nurses with their technical skills and knowledge of epidemiology, physiology, pharmacology, cultural-familial constructions, and psychological issues can contribute catastrophe preparedness programmes as well as during tragedies. Nurses as a health care team member, can play a strategic role cooperating with health and social disciplines, government bodies, community groups, and non-governmental agencies, including humanitarian organizations.