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Effect of Abdominal Massage on the Gastric Residual Volume in Mechanically Ventilated Patients on Nasogastric Tube Feeding Admitted in ICUs of Tertiary Care Hospital

Kapil Sharma, Jyoti Pal, Monika Sharma, P.L. Gautam

Abstract


Enteral nutrition intolerance entails several complications such as increased gastric residual volume, diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, and abdominal distension. The large quantity of Gastric Residual Volume may leads to aspiration of stomach contents, abdomen distension and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). Abdominal massage or rubbing therapy is one of the applicable and effective techniques that can be useful to increase the digestive system motility, enhance the intestinal activity and decrease intra-abdominal pressure and distention. Abdominal massage is highly effective in decreasing the gastric residual volume in mechanically ventilated patient fed by a nasogastric tube. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to see how abdominal massage affected gastric residual volume in mechanically ventilated (MV) patients receiving nasogastric tube feeding. Methodology: An experimental study pre- and post-test control group design was conducted to assess the effect of abdominal massage on the gastric residual volume in mechanically ventilated patients on nasogastric tube feeding admitted in ICUs of a Tertiary care hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. Total 30 subjects were drawn from the target population by using convenience sampling technique and then allocation of subjects was done into experimental group (n1=15) and control group (n2=15) by lottery method. In experimental group, abdominal massage for 15 minutes before 30 minutes of three consecutive nasogastric tubes feeding for three consecutive days was implemented while in control group no abdominal massage was implemented. Data was collected by using patients’ profile (which include socio-demographic profile and clinical profile) and Gastric Residual Volume assessment sheet, which include time, amount of previous feeding volume and amount of gastric residual volume. Results: The finding of study revealed that statistically significant results were found in mean gastric residual volume within the experimental group from O1 to O9 (p=0.000) and between experimental group and control group in O5 (p = 0.002), O6 (p=0.006), O7 (p=0.002), O8 (p=0.000) and O9 (p=0.000). Statistically significant results were found in mean gastric residual volume within the experimental group from day1 to day3 (p=0.000) and also between the experimental group and control group on day3 (p=0.000). Statistically significant results were found in total mean from O1 to O9 of gastric residual volume between the experimental group and control group (p=0.037). Conclusion: This study concludes that there is significant decrease in gastric residual volume among the mechanically ventilated patients on nasogastric tube feeding who have received abdominal massage.


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