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Comparison Between Electrical Stimulation and Intermittent Pneumatic Compression to Reduce Incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis in High-risk Critically lll Patients

Amal N. Abboud, Shaimaa E. Abdullah, Naglaa M. El Mokadem

Abstract


Background: Prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is an effective way to reduce morbidity and death among critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Electrical stimulation and intermittent pneumatic compression are alternative preventive strategies of preventing DVT through decreasing the degree of lower limb edema and muscle weakness in ICU. Purpose of the Study: To compare the electrical stimulation and intermittent pneumatic compression as a preventive strategy to reduce DVT in high-risk critically ill patients. Setting: The current research was conducted at Medical, Surgical, and Trauma ICUs, Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt. Sample: A convenient sample of 90 patients admitted to ICU. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Instruments: (1) Demographic sheet; (2) APACHE II; (3) The Charlson comorbidity index; (4) DVT risk scale; (5) Oxford Scale for assessing lower limb muscle weakness; (6) clinical evaluation of leg edema; (7) laboratory investigation and radiographic imaging findings. Results: the DVT incidence rate was significantly reduced in the study group that received electrical stimulation intervention (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant improvement in the muscle strength of the group that received electrical stimulation intervention (3.2 ± 0.56) compared to the group that received intermittent pneumatic compression intervention (3.13 ± 0.35); p < 0.001. Additionally, the manifestation of lower limb edema was less in the group that received electrical stimulation (0.69 ± 4.93) than the group that received intermittent pneumatic compression intervention (1.0 ± 0.74); p < 0.001. Conclusion: Electrical stimulation was superior to intermittent pneumatic compression as a preventive strategy to reduce DVT incidence rate in high-risk critically ill patients. Recommendation: Integration of electrical stimulation into clinical practice to reduce the incidence rate of DVT in high-risk critically ill patients.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijncc.v9i2.2360

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