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Retrospective Analysis to Assess the Clinicopathological Factors of Breast Cancer Among Patients at Sri Guru Ram Das Rotary Cancer Hospital, Vallah Sri Amritsar
Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is an extremely heterogeneous disease caused by interactions of both inherited and environmental risk factors including progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. This study evaluates the occurrence of the various subtypes and their clinical and pathological changes in breast cancer patients at Sri Guru Ram Das Rotary Cancer Hospital, Vallah, Sri Amritsar. Methods: A retrospective review of case notes of patients who had completed treatment for breast cancer at Sri Guru Ram Das Rotary Cancer Hospital, Vallah, Sri Amritsar, has contributed this study. Data were collected between October 2018 and March 2019. Results: A total of 50 patients contributed to this study. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 55 years. Half of patients, i.e. 25 (50%), were having right-sided breast cancer. Modified radical mastectomy was performed in 29 (58%) patients. Tumour grade was Grade I (2%), Grade II (46%), Grade III (48%) and Grade IV (4%), respectively, which shows that most of the breast cancer patients had Grade III tumour, and the size of the tumour was 8–10 cm. The study showed that 23 (46%) patients were having luminal A subtype, whereas 16 (32%) patients had triple-negative subtype. Conclusion: The study results enumerate that breast cancer developed after the age of 40 years and 24 patients had Grade III tumour. Luminal A is the most common occurring subtype in the breast cancer patients. Hormonal or Targeted therapy is the most responsive treatment if the patient is triple positive, i.e. all subtypes of breast cancer ER, PR and HER2 were positive.
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