To Assess the Effectiveness of Self-instructional Module (SIM) on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Cataract and Management Among Cataract Patients in Selected Hospitals of District Sangrur, Punjab: A Quasi-experimental Study

Abstract

A cataract is an opacity in the eye's crystalline lens that causes glare or blurred vision. The crystalline proteins that make up the lens are specialised proteins whose optical characteristics depend on the precise arrangement of their three-dimensional structure and hydration. The main concept of this study was to make the patients aware of cataracts and their management. The researcher prepared a self-instructional module to further enhance their knowledge and encourage their attitude toward cataracts and their management. Methodology: A Quasi-experimental design was used. The sample size of 60 cataract patients by randomized sampling under a simple random sampling technique was used by lottery method in selected hospitals of district Sangrur Punjab. The knowledge was assessed by a structured knowledge questionnaire and the attitude was assessed by the Likert scale. Result: The mean pre-interventional knowledge is 14.32, mean post-interventional knowledge of the experimental group is 19.90. Standard deviation of the pre-interventional of the experimental group was 2.831 and the post-interventional of the experimental group was 2.628. The paired t-test value of the experimental group was 20.658. The result is significant. The mean of the pre-interventional attitude of the experimental group is 45.93 and the post-interventional attitude is 61.77. Mean difference between the experimental group is 15.840. Standard deviation of the pre-interventional experimental group was 5.822 and the post-interventional experimental group was 3.586. The paired t-test value of the experimental group was 19.164. The result is significant. There is no association between pre- and post-interventional knowledge with selected socio-bio-demographic characteristics. There is an association between pre-interventional attitude with a number of years in cataract and post-intervention attitude with the source of information and several years in cataract and within selected socio-bio-demographic characteristics. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, post-interventional knowledge and attitude levels were significantly higher than pre-interventional levels. Hence, a self-instructional module regarding cataracts and their management is effective