Biopsychosocial Approach in Asthma

Abstract

The bio-psycho-social model of health and illness proposed by Eagel (1977) [P1] implies that behaviours, thought and feelings may influence a physical state. The basic principle says that the person suffers as a whole and not as isolated organs. In holistic approach to wellness, we should consider the personality, the emotional dimensions and the socio- environmental condition of the patient. As asthma is a controllable disease, the aim of asthma management is to control the disease and allow patients to lead a normal and healthy life. To achieve this, patients and the care takers needs to adapt bio -psycho -social interventions correctly and maintain control for a considerable period of time. A pre -experimental one -group pre- test– post -test design study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on bio -psycho -social approach in asthma among second -year B.Sc. Nursing students at AKG Memorial College of Nursing, Kannur. The objectives of the study was to assess the pre-test knowledge score of students regarding bio-psycho-social approach in asthma, to assess the post -test knowledge score of students regarding bio-psycho-social approach in asthma, and to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on bio-psycho-socialBiopsychosocial approach in asthma among second -year B.Sc. Nursing students at AKG Co -operative College of Nursing, Kannur. Convenience sampling technique was used and assessed their knowledge by using structured questionnaire. A Sstructured teaching programme was conducted.  After seven days, post- test was conducted by using the same pre -test questionnaire. The findings of the study showed that the highest percentage (56.7%) of samples had below -average level of knowledge, (43.3%) had average knowledge, and none had good knowledge before the conduct of structured teaching programme, and after the post -test,( 53.3% )had good knowledge, (46.7% )had average knowledge, and none had below -average knowledge regarding bio-psycho-socialBiopsychosocial approach in asthma. There was a significant improvement in knowledge at 0.05 levels. Hence H₁: There will be a significant difference between the pre -test and post -test knowledge scores of students regarding bio-psycho-socialBiopsychosocial approach in asthma was accepted.